利用激光粒度仪、法拉第筒和粒子图像测速系统(PIV)研究喷头喷嘴直径、喷雾压力、充电电压参数对于静电喷头雾滴粒径、荷质比、荷电雾滴雾化流场的影响。结果显示:喷嘴直径、喷雾压力和充电电压对喷头雾滴粒径大小均有影响,3个参数对雾滴粒径分布的影响程度排序为喷雾压力>喷嘴直径>充电电压; 荷质比随电压的增加而增加,最大可达到2.09 mC/kg,并在电压为8 kV以后趋于饱和,荷质比随雾滴粒径的变大呈下降趋势,但是变化不快; 由荷电雾滴的运动轨迹可知,喷嘴直径为0.9 mm的喷头在充电电压为8 kV时具有较好的荷电效果,与不带电情况下喷雾对比发现,荷电雾滴使喷雾扩散明显加大,且雾滴速度均匀。Aerial electrostatic spraying can control plant diseases and insect pests of agriculture and forestry, especially when multiple and large area outbreak. The influence of nozzle diameter, spraying pressure and charging voltage on atomization performance induding droplet size, charge-to-mass ratio and droplet's flow field were investigated using a Winner laser diffraction particle analyzer, Faraday cage and PIV. It was shown that droplet size was influenced by nozzle diameter, spraying pressure and charging voltage, of whom the spray pressure has the strongest effect and charging voltage has the weakest effect. The charge-to-mass ratio increased as the charging voltage increased, the maximum was 2.09 mC/kg and reached saturation after 8 kV. The charge-to-mass ratio decreased slowly as the droplet size increased. According to the droplet's flow field, it was shown that the electrostatic nozzle with 0.9 mm of nozzle diameter had good charged effect at 8 kV of charging voltage. At the same time, charged droplets made spraying diffusion obviously increased and droplets speed well-distributed compared with conventional spray
