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电子学报  2013 

基于分簇的水下传感器网络覆盖保持路由算法

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2013.10.030, PP. 2067-2073

Keywords: 水下传感器网络,覆盖冗余度,覆盖保持路由

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Abstract:

在基于分簇架构的水下传感器网络(UnderwaterSensorNetworks,UWSNs)中,当簇首以单跳或多跳的通信方式将数据传输至Sink节点时,由于簇首转发大量数据而负载过重,会过早耗尽能量而死亡,这将导致提前出现对监测区域的覆盖盲区.以改善覆盖效果为目标的LEACH-Coverage-U算法由于选举簇首的分簇方法具有随机性,也无法很好解决该问题.本文提出了一种水下传感器网络单跳覆盖保持路由算法(Single-hopCoverage-PreservingRoutingAlgorithm,SCPR),首先定义了覆盖冗余度(CoverageRedundancy,CR),然后根据该度量来选举簇首,最终以单跳方式直接将数据传送至Sink节点.为减少簇首能耗并获得更高的网络覆盖率,本文还提出一种多跳覆盖保持路由算法(Multi-hopCoverage-PreservingRoutingAlgorithm,MCPR),簇首之间通信时优先考虑父节点中CR较高的簇首作为其下一跳路由,以多跳路由将数据传送至Sink节点.仿真结果表明,与LEACH-Coverage-U算法相比,SCPR、MCPR算法避免了其选举簇首时的随机性,提高了网络覆盖率,降低了网络能耗,延长了网络生命周期.

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