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大豆粕替代鱼粉在吉富罗非鱼稚鱼实用饲料中的效果评价

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2011.10.027

Keywords: 大豆粕,替代,鱼粉,生长效益,吉富罗非鱼

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Abstract:

本试验旨在研究大豆粕替代鱼粉在吉富罗非鱼稚鱼实用饲料中的效果。平均体重为(5.80±0.17)g的吉富罗非鱼稚鱼360尾随机分为6组(1个对照组和5个试验组),每组3个重复,每个重复20尾鱼。6组饲料按照等氮(33.8%)和等能量(16.50MJ/kg)原则配制,其中对照组饲料添加20%鱼粉(不含大豆粕),5个试验组饲料中大豆粕替代鱼粉水平依次为20%、40%、60%、80%和100%。试验期为60d。结果表明,大豆粕替代20%~80%鱼粉的试验组鱼的摄食量、特定生长率、饲料效率和蛋白质效率接近对照组,当大豆粕替代100%鱼粉时,摄食量、特定生长率、饲料效率和蛋白质效率均下降10%左右,但对照组与各试验组间无显著性差异(P>0.05);各处理间鱼体的蛋白质和灰分含量无显著差异(P>0.05),但其脂肪含量和肠脂指数随着大豆粕替代比例增加而下降,而内脏指数逐步升高,其中大豆粕替代100%鱼粉的试验组的肠脂指数和内脏指数与对照组相比有显著性差异(P<0.05);大豆粕替代100%鱼粉的试验组鱼的血浆总蛋白、胆固醇、甘油三酯、钙和磷含量均低于对照组(P>0.05),血清中甲状腺素含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。本试验认为,大豆粕在吉富罗非鱼稚鱼实用饲料中可以替代80%的鱼粉;大豆粕的抗营养因子和较低的必需氨基酸(赖氨酸及蛋氨酸+胱氨酸)含量是影响吉富罗非鱼稚鱼生长与饲料效益的主要原因。

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