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铬对凡纳滨对虾生长性能、血清生化指标及非特异性免疫酶活性的影响

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2013.04.017

Keywords: 凡纳滨对虾,,生长性能,血清生化指标,非特异性免疫酶活性

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Abstract:

本试验旨在研究铬对凡纳滨对虾生长性能、血清生化指标及非特异性免疫酶活性的影响。试验配制7种等氮等能饲料,其铬(吡啶甲酸铬形式)添加水平分别为0、0.4、0.8、1.2、1.6、2.0和5.0mg/kg。选择初始体重为(0.310±0.001)g的凡纳滨对虾虾苗840尾,随机分配到21个0.38m3的玻璃纤维钢桶中,每桶40尾虾,每3桶饲喂1种饲料。试验期为56d。结果表明:以1.6mg/kg组增重率和特定生长率最高,饲料系数最低,显著高于或低于0、0.4和5.0mg/kg组(P<0.05),与1.2mg/kg组差异不显著(P>0.05)。蛋白质效率和蛋白质沉积率均以2.0mg/kg组最高,但与1.6mg/kg组差异不显著(P>0.05)。饲料铬添加水平对凡纳滨对虾全虾水分、粗脂肪和粗灰分含量有显著影响(P<0.05),但对全虾粗蛋白质含量无显著影响(P>0.05)。凡纳滨对虾血清总蛋白、葡萄糖和总胆固醇含量分别在铬添加水平为5.0mg/kg、1.2~1.6mg/kg、0.4mg/kg时显著升高(P<0.05)。血清碱性磷酸酶、总超氧化物歧化酶、酚氧化物酶活性均以1.6mg/kg组为最高,血清谷草转氨酶活性以1.2mg/kg组为最高,血清谷丙转氨酶活性以2.0mg/kg组为最高,并均显著高于0mg/kg组(P<0.05)。饲料铬添加水平对凡纳滨对虾血清甘油三酯含量和酸性磷酸酶活性未产生显著影响(P>0.05)。综合考虑生长性能、血清生化指标以及非特异性免疫酶活性,对于0.31~8.50g的凡纳滨对虾,在饲料中以吡啶甲酸铬形式添加1.2~1.6mg/kg的铬为宜。

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