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大气科学  2001 

赤道印度洋海温偶极子型振荡及其气候影响

DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2001.04.01

Keywords: 印度洋,海表水温异常,偶极子型振荡,气候影响

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Abstract:

对近百年观测资料的分析表明赤道印度洋海温(SST)确实存在着偶极子型振荡的变化特征,它在9~11月最强,而在1~4月最弱;年际变化(4~5年周期)和年代际变化(主要为20~25年周期)也十分清楚.这个偶极子主要有正位相型(海温西高东低)和负位相型(海温东高西低);一般正位相型的振幅强于负位相型.尽管在极个别年赤道印度洋海温偶极子似乎与太平洋ENSO无关,但总体而论,赤道印度洋海温偶极子与赤道太平洋海温偶极子(类似ENSO)有很好负相关.它们的联系主要是赤道大气纬向(Walker)环流.资料分析表明,赤道印度洋海温偶极子与亚洲南部流场、青藏高压和西太平洋副高都有明显关系,表明它对亚洲季风活动有重要影响.

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