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大气科学  2002 

双线偏振多普勒天气雷达估测混合区降雨和降雹方法的理论研究

DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2002.06.05

Keywords: 多普勒天气雷达,降雨,冰雹

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Abstract:

利用冰雹形状和空间取向的模型及降雹和降雨的滴谱分布,分析了C波段双线偏振雷达探测的降雨和冰雹的反射率因子ZH、差反射率因子ZDR和差传播相移KDp的取值范围,及混合区降水中不同大小的降雨降雹强度对这些参量的贡献.结果表明:对于C波段双线偏振雷达来讲,当降雹达到一定强度后,反射率因子反而随降雹强度的增大而减小,反射率因子和降雹强度不一定是一一对应关系,降雹的KDp与相态、空间取向和雹块的尺度均有关系.在混合性降水中,ZH的主要贡献来自冰雹,而KDp主要取决于降雨的大小,降雨和降雹对ZDR均有明显的影响,降雨的ZH和KDP有比较好的对应关系.在此基础上给出了利用ZH、ZDR和KDp定量估测相态混合区冰雹和降雨对应的反射率因子、降雨强度的方法,并从滴谱变化、雷达探测精度和冰雹对KDp的影响分析了这种方法的估测精度.

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