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大气科学  2004 

阻塞流场与瞬变涡动相互作用的动力学研究

DOI: 10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.2004.06.09

Keywords: 阻塞,瞬变扰动,风暴轴,相互作用,动力学研究

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Abstract:

借助于一个β通道正压模型,模拟了瞬变天气尺度扰动与大尺度阻塞流场相互作用,以及所形成的"Ω"型阻塞对风暴轴地带瞬变扰动涡列移动路径的影响,并用描述局地能量变化率的方程分析了能量收支情况的细致结构.结果表明,瞬变扰动在其与背景流场的相互作用过程中,在阻塞发展阶段,阻塞受到瞬变扰动涡的涡度和能量强迫,背景流场增强发展成为阻塞系统.对两种不同的阻塞流场背景下瞬变扰动能量变化的分析表明:在阻塞区扰动瞬变涡失去能量,在南北边缘瞬变扰动的能量变化趋势表现为沿着阻塞外围向下游传播的特征并从背景流场得到能量,从而瞬变涡动由源区的一列分裂为绕行于阻塞外围的两列.在两种不同背景阻塞流场结构下瞬变涡动的移动路径表现出不同的分布特征:当偶极子型阻塞作为背景流场时,瞬变涡动的移动路径呈南北对称分布于阻塞区的外缘;当瞬变涡的背景流场为"Ω"型阻塞时,瞬变扰动带受到"Ω"型阻塞流场结构的影响,表现出北支强南支弱的特征.这些结果与实际观测一致.

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