Webster, P.J., and S. Yang, Monsoon and ENSO:selectively interactive stems, Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 1992, 118, 877～926.
[3]
Ailikun, B., and T. Yasunari, On two indices of Asian summer monsoon variability and their implications. Extended Abstracts, Int.Cont. on Monsoon and Hydrologic Cycle, Kyongju, Korea, Korean Meteorological Society, 1998, 222～224.
[4]
Goswami, B. N., V. Krishnamurthy, and H. Annamalai, A broad scale circulation index for interannual variability of the Indian summer monsoon, Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 1999, 125, 611～633.
[5]
Leith, C. E., The Standard error of time-average estimates of climatic means, J. Appl. Meteor., 1973,12, 1066～1075.
[6]
Davis, R E., Predictability of sea-surface temperature and sea-level pressure anomalies over the North Pacific Ocean, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 1976, 6, 249～266.
[7]
Hayashi, Y., Confidence intervals of a climatic signal, J. Atmos. Sci.,1982,39,1895～1905.
[8]
黄嘉佑,气象统计分析与预报,北京:气象出版社,1990.
[9]
施能,气象科研与预报中的统计方法,北京:气象出版社,2002.
[10]
Livezey, R. E., and Chen W. Y., Statistical field significance and its determination by Monte Carlo technique, Mon. Wea. Rev.,1983, 111(1), 46～59.
[11]
Erickson, C.O., Hemispheric anomalies 700mb height and sea level pressure related to mean summer temperature over the states, Mon. Wea. Rev., 1983, 111, 545～561.
[12]
Gordon,N. D.,The southern oscillation and New Eealand weather,Mon. Wea. Rev.,1986,116(1),46～59.
Wolter, K., R. M. Dole, and C. A. Smith, Short-term climate extremes over the continental United States and ENSO. Part I :Seasonal temperatures, J. Climate, 1999, 12, 3255～3271.
