全部 标题 作者
关键词 摘要

OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用:99美元

查看量下载量

相关文章

更多...

黏滑实验的震级评估和应力降分析

DOI: 10.6038/cjg20140316, PP. 867-876

Keywords: 黏滑,应力降,最大位移量,震级估算,滑移速率,地震尺度

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

本文通过三种结构模型的黏滑地震模拟实验,利用高频速度连续观测系统获得了地震失稳过程的速度特征,讨论了最大位移量的选取方法,估算了实验室黏滑型地震的矩震级,探讨了黏滑类型、应力降大小与震级的关系.结果表明,黏滑型地震的应力降过程可能包含一次到多次高频振荡,对应若干次黏滑子事件.高频振荡的摆动幅度很大,包含有多种频率成分,峰值速度0.003~0.008m·s-1.初步估计黏滑型地震的震级范围为-4.4~-3级,断层构造面的差异对各种黏滑模型的地震震级分布有明显影响.总体来看应力降与地震震级没有明显相关性,决定地震震级的主要因素应当是震源尺度.

References

[1]  Boettcher M S, McGarr A, Johnston M. 2009. Extension of Gutenberg-Richter distribution to MW-1.3, no lower limit in sight. Geophy. Res. Lett., 36(10): L10307, doi: 10.1029/2009GL038080.
[2]  Brace W F, Byerlee J D. 1966. Stick-slip as a mechanism for earthquakes. Science, 153(3739): 990-992, doi: 10.1126/science.153.3739.990.
[3]  Dieterich J H. 1992. Earthquake nucleation on faults with rate-and state-dependent strength. Tectonophysics, 211(1-4), 115-134, doi. 10.1016/0040-1951(92)90055-B.
[4]  Ding H Q, Li G Z, Jia B X. 2009. The microseism source excitation model and the relation between the magnitude and vibration cycle. Journal of Liaoning Technical University (in Chinese), 28(3): 352-354.
[5]  Gibowicz S J, Young R P, Talebi S, et al. 1991. Source parameters of seismic events at the Underground Research Laboratory in Manitoba, Canada: Scaling relations for events with moment magnitude smaller than-2.Bull.Seismol.Soc.Amer.,81(4):1157-1182.
[6]  Hanks T C, Kanamori H. 1979. A moment magnitude scale. J. Geophys. Res., 84(B5): 2348-2350, doi: 10.1029/JB084iB05p02348.
[7]  Liu L Q, Ma J, Ma S L. 1995. Characteristics and evolution of background strain field on typical structure models. Seismology and Geology (in Chinese), 17(4): 349-356.
[8]  Lockner D A, Beeler N M. 1999. Premonitory slip and tidal triggering of earthquakes. J. Geophys. Res., 104(B9): 20133-20120, 20151, doi: 10.1029/1999JB900205.
[9]  Lockner D A, Okubo P G. 1983. Measurements of frictional heating in granite. J. Geophys. Res., 88(B5): 4313-4320, doi: 10.1029/JB088iB05p04313.
[10]  Ma J, Liu L Q, Liu P X, et al. 2007. Thermal precursory pattern of fault unstable sliding: An experimental study of en echelon faults. Chinese J. Geophys. (in Chinese), 50 (4): 1141-1149.
[11]  Ma J, Sherman S I, Guo Y S. 2012. Identification of meta-instable stress state based on experimental study of evolution of the temperature field during stick-slip instability on a 5°bending fault. Sci. China Earth Sci. (in Chinese), 55(6): 869-881, doi: 10.1007/s11430-012-4423-2.
[12]  Ma S L, Lei X L, Liu L Q. 2004. Effects of heterogeneity in rock samples on spatial and temporal distribution of acoustic emission and their significance in seismology. Chinese J. Geophys. (in Chinese), 47 (1): 127-131.
[13]  Ma S L, Liu L Q, Ma J, et al. 2003. Experimental study on nucleation process of stick-slip instability on homogeneous and non-homogeneous faults. Sci.China Earth Sci.(in Chinese), 33(Suppl.):45-52. doi:10.3321/j.issn:1006-9267.2003.zl.005.
[14]  Ma W T, Xu C P, Li H O, et al. 2010. Intensive observation of reservoir-induced earthquake and preliminary analysis on the causes of earthquakes in three gorges reservoir. Seismology and Geology (in Chinese), 32(4): 552-563.
[15]  McGarr A, Boettcher M, Fletcher J B, et al. 2009. Broadband records of earthquakes in deep gold mines and a comparison with results from SAFOD, California. Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer., 99(5): 2815-2824, doi: 10.1785/0120080336.
[16]  McGarr A, Fletcher J B, Boettcher M, et al. 2010. Laboratory-based maximum slip rates in earthquake rupture zones and radiated energy. Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer., 100(6): 3250-3260, doi: 10.1785/0120100043.
[17]  McGarr A, Fletcher J. 2003. Maximum slip in earthquake fault zones, apparent stress, and stick-slip friction. Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer., 93(6): 2355-2362, doi: 10.1785/0120030037.
[18]  McGarr A. 1999. On relating apparent stress to the stress causing earthquake fault slip. J. Geophys. Res., 104(B2): 3003-3011, doi: 10.1029/1998JB900083.
[19]  Ohnaka M, Kuwahara Y, Yamamoto K, et al. 1986. Dynamic breakdown processes and the generating mechanism for high-frequency elastic radiation during stick-slip instabilities.//Das S, Boatwright J, Scholz C,eds. Earthquake Source Mechanics. Geophys. Monograph 37, AGU, Washington, D.C., 13-24.
[20]  Okubo P G, Dieterich J H. 1984. Effects of physical fault properties on frictional instabilities produced on simulated faults. J.Geophys. Res., 89(B7): 5817-5827, doi: 10.1029/JB089iB07p05817.
[21]  Okubo P G, Dieterich J H. 1986. State variable fault constitutive relations for dynamic slip. Earthquake Source Mechanics, 25-35, doi: 10.1029/GM037p0025.
[22]  Pan Y S, Zhao Y F, Ma J. 2005. Discussion on rockburst influenced by regional stress field in China. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering (in Chinese), 24(16): 2847-2853.
[23]  Pan Y S. 1999. Study on rockburst initiation and failure propagation [Doctor''s thesis](in Chinese). Beijing: Tsinghua Universiy.
[24]  Shi X J, Guo Z Q, Zhao D L, et al. 1992. Double shear experiment of rocks and study of seismic source-time function. Northwestern Seismological Journal (in Chinese), 14(4): 11-16.
[25]  Thompson B D, Young R P, Lockner D A. 2009. Premonitory acoustic emissions and stick-slip in natural and smooth-faulted Westerly granite. J. Geophys. Res., 114(B2): B02205, doi: 10.1029/2008JB005753.
[26]  Zhang L, Feng J J, Li B, et al. 1992. The oscillation during instability of rock body and the multilateral faulting traces. Seismology and Geology (in Chinese), 14(1): 1-9.
[27]  Chen Y T, Liu R F. 2004. Earthquake magnitude. Seismological and Geomagnetic Observation and Research (in Chinese), 25(6): 1-12, doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-3246.2004.06.001.
[28]  Hua W. 2007. Study on scaling relations of source parameters for moderate and small earthquake [Doctor''s thesis](in Chinese). Beijing: Institute of Geophysics, China Earthquake Administration.
[29]  Jost M L, Bü?elberg T, Jost ?, et al. 1998. Source parameters of injection-induced microearthquakes at 9 km depth at the KTB deep drilling site, Germany. Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer., 88(3): 815-832.
[30]  Lei X L, Kusunose K, Satoh T, et al. 2003. The hierarchical rupture process of a fault: an experimental study. Phys.Earth Planet.Int.,137(1-4):213-228,doi:10.1016/S0031-9201(03)00016-5.
[31]  Lei X L. 2012. Dragon-Kings in rock fracturing: Insights gained from rock fracture tests in the laboratory. The European Physical Journal-Special Topics, 205(1): 217-230, doi: 10.1140/epjst/e2012-01572-8.
[32]  Li P C, Liu L Q, Guo L L, et al. 2013. Multi-point dislocation in stick-slip process. Seismology and Geology (in Chinese), 35(1): 125-137, doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2013.01.011.

Full-Text

Contact Us

service@oalib.com

QQ:3279437679

WhatsApp +8615387084133