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含能材料  2011 

叠氮侧链支化NC的合成和表征

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9941.2011.04.009

Keywords: 有机化学,改性硝化纤维素,叠氮基,侧链支化,含能材料

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Abstract:

为突破硝化纤维素(NC)的能量限制,降低玻璃化温度以提高NC的低温力学性能,通过异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)与NC上残余的羟基反应,然后与2,2-二叠氮甲基-1,3-丙二醇(PA)反应,合成了一种叠氮侧链NC,称为支化NC的叠氮侧链NC(即PA-IPDI改性NC)。用红外(IR)、元素分析、热重分析(TG)、差示扫描量热分析(DSC)和动态力学分析(DMA)等方法研究了产物的分子结构、能量性能、热稳定性及动态力学性能。结果表明,改性NC单位质量的放热量接近改性前NC(含氮量11.75%)的2倍,计算爆热为4434kJ·kg-1,超过1#NC(4152kJ·kg-1)的水平,改性后玻璃化转变温度(117.3℃)低于改性前NC(140.2℃),并且在±60℃范围内,改性NC的抗拉模量也高于改性前NC,认为PA-IPDI改性NC是一种性能优良的NC替代品。

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