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重金属离子对中国对虾幼体的影响及其消除方法比较

, PP. 80-87

Keywords: 中国对虾幼体,,,,,高分子吸附剂,EDTA

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Abstract:

为了建立新的防治重金属离子对中国对虾(Penaeuschinensis)人工育苗阶段危害的方法和进一步明确防治时机,本文研究了铜、锌、铅、镉离子对中国对虾各期幼体变态的影响,并比较了两种消除方法的效果.结果表明,与原海水对照,铜、锌、铅、镉4种离子的加入浓度各为15μg/dm3时,无节幼体的变态率显著(0.0250.1);糠虾幼体的变态率反而显著提高(P<0.005).幼体对重金属离子的敏感性为无节幼体>溞状幼体>糠虾幼体>仔虾.植物饵料对重金属离子有络合作用,可降低其毒性.采用EDTA螯合法和高分子吸附剂去除法均可消除其影响,两者之间无显著差异.高浓度的EDTA有害于幼体,10μg/cm3以下为安全浓度.初步观察到低浓度的铜、锌离子似乎对溞状幼体阶段有益.建议在一般海域进行对虾育苗,在溞状幼体以后阶段,不必采取消除重金属离子影响的措施.

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