全部 标题 作者
关键词 摘要

OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用:99美元

查看量下载量

相关文章

更多...
湖泊科学  2008 

太湖枝角类微化石的初步研究

DOI: 10.18307/2008.0410

Keywords: 太湖,枝角类,微化石,古湖沼学

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

湖泊沉积物中的枝角类微化石能够在一定程度上反映历史时期水体中的枝角类种群动态,从而具有重要的环境指示意义.通过对太湖(马山附近)沉积物中枝角类微化石的初步研究,尝试反演了所研究湖区近百年来水体环境的演化过程,并对枝角类种群动态的驱动因素进行了分析.从沉积物中共鉴定出10属14种枝角类,其中象鼻溞属占绝对优势,相对丰度平均值高达95.4%,尖额溞属次之,为4.2%;盘肠溞属以及其他枝角类不到1%.研究结果显示,随沉积深度自下而上变化,喜好富营养水体环境的B.longirostriscornuta和A.rectangula的丰度逐渐增加,而偏贫-中营养环境的A.intermedia的丰度则逐渐下降,表明水体营养水平处于逐渐上升的过程,其中表层3cm以上枝角类绝对丰度的急剧下降和A.intermedia的完全消失表明,20世纪80年代末期以来水体急剧富营养化;另外枝角类敞水区种类与沿岸带种类的数量比(P/L)随沉积深度的变化也在一定程度上反映了太湖水深/水面积的变化以及20世纪80年代末期以来的水体富营养化状况.研究结果同时也表明,20世纪60年代以前,自然环境条件为影响枝角类种群动态的主控因素,此后人类活动的影响越来越明显并最终成为枝角类种群动态的决定性因素.

References

[1]  Jeppesen E, Leavitt P, De Meester L et al. Functional ecology and palaeolimnology: using cladoceran remains to reconstruct antropogenic impact. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 2001, 16(4): 191-198.
[2]  陈俊才.太湖的水患与水治[J].古今农业,2004,(4):55-64.
[3]  Connor TE. Tempreture and food as factors affecting the population ecology of Bosmina longirostris (O. F. Muller, 1785) and Diaphanosoma brachyurum (Li6ven, 1848) [A thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy]. Geoge Mason University, 2005: 33-42.
[4]  范成新 黄漪平.太湖营养元素的变化与浮游生物的演变[A].中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所集刊[C].北京:科学出版社,1992,9.37-47.
[5]  Lotter AF, Birks HJB, Hofman Wet al. Modern diatom, cladocera, chironomid, and chrysophyte cyst assemblages as quantitative indicators for the reconstruction of past environmental conditions in the Alps. Ⅰ. Climate. dournal of Paleolimnology, 1997, 18: 395-420.
[6]  Frey DG. Cladocera analysis. In: Berglund BE ed. Handbook of Holocene palaeoecology and palaeohydrology. New York: John Whiley & sons, 1986: 667-692.
[7]  Whiteside MC, Swindoll MR. Guidelines and limitations to cladoceran paleoecological interpretations. Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology, 1988, 62: 405-412.
[8]  Jeppesen E, Leacitt P, Meester LD et al. Functional ecology and palaeolimnology: using cladoceran remains to reconstruct anthropogenic impact. TRENDS in Ecology & Evolution, 2001, 16: 191-198.
[9]  De Deckker P, Forester RM. The use of ostracodes to reconstruct continental palaeoenvironmental records. In: De Deckker P, Colin JP & Peypouquet JP eds. Ostracoda in the earth sciences, 1988: 175-199.
[10]  Bos DG, Cumming BF. Sedimentary cladoceran remains and their relationship to nutrients and other limnological variables in 53 lakes from British Columbia, Canada. Canadian Journal of Fisheries andAquatic Sciences, 2003, 60:1177-1189.
[11]  袁旭音 陈骏 等.太湖现代沉积物的物质组成和形成条件分析[J].南京大学学报:自然科学版,2002,38(6):756-763.
[12]  陆敏 张卫国 师育新 俞立中 郑祥民.太湖北部沉积物金属和营养元素的垂向变化及其影响因素[J].湖泊科学,:.
[13]  刘恩峰 沈吉 朱育新.西太湖沉积物污染的地球化学记录及对比研究[J].地理科学,2005,25(1):102~107.
[14]  蒋燮治 堵南山.中国动物志:淡水枝角类[M].北京:科学出版社,1979.24-35.
[15]  Jeppesen E, Madsen EA, Jensen JP et al. Reconstructing the past density of planktivorous fish and trophic structure from sedimentary zooplankton fossils: a surface sediment calibration data set from shallow lake. Freshwater Biology, 1996, 36: 115-127.
[16]  Brodersen KP, Whiteside MC, Lindegaard C. Reconstruction of trophic state in Danish lakes using subfossil chydorid (Cladocera) assemblages. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 1998, 55:1093- l 103.
[17]  Hofmann W. Empirical relationships between cladoceran fauna and trophic state in thirteen northern German lakes: analysis of surficial sediments. Hydrobiologia, 1996, 318: 195-201.
[18]  Hofmarm W. Cladocerans and chironomids as indicators of lake level changes in north temperate lakes. Journal of Paleolimnology, 1998, 19: 55-62.
[19]  Bos DG, Cumming BF, Smol JP. Cladocera and anostraca from the Interior Plateau of British Columbia, Canada, as paleolimnological indicators of salinity and lake level. Hydrobiologia, 1999, 392: 129-141.
[20]  Bigler C, Heiri O, Krskova R et al. Distribution of diatoms, chironomids and cladocera in surface sediments of thirty mountain lakes in south-eastern Switzerland. Aquatic Sciences, 2006, 68:154-171.
[21]  更多...
[22]  孙顺才 赵锐.1991年太湖地区洪涝灾害评估与人类活动的影响[J].湖泊科学,:.
[23]  范成新.太湖主要营养物质与浮游生物关系研究[A].蔡启铭主编.太湖环境生态研究(一)[C].北京:气象出版社,1998.134-141.
[24]  中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所.太湖综合调查初步报告[R].北京:科学出版社,1965.35-41.
[25]  刘恩峰 羊向东 沈吉等.近百年来湖北太白湖沉积通量变化与流域降水量和人类活动的关系[J].湖泊科学,2007,19(4):407-412.
[26]  Smol JP. Paleolimnology: an important tool for effective ecosystem management. Journal of Aquatic Ecosystem Health, 1992, 1: 49-58.
[27]  Bigler C, Hall RI. Diatoms as indicators of climatic and limnological change in Swedish Lapland: a 100-lake calibration set and its validation for paleoecological reconstructions. Journal of Paleolimnology, 2002, 27:97-115.
[28]  Leavitt PR, Hodgson DA. Sedimentary pigments. In: Smol JP, Birks HJB & Last WM eds. Tracking environmental change using lake sediments. Volume 3: Terrestrial, Algal, and Siliceous Indicators. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, 2001: 295-325.
[29]  朱立平 王君波 AntonBrancelj.藏南沉错沉积物水蚤残体组合对环境变化的响应[J].科学通报,2005,50(14):1490-1497.

Full-Text

Contact Us

service@oalib.com

QQ:3279437679

WhatsApp +8615387084133