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湖泊科学  2009 

转基因鱼试验湖浮游生物群落DNA多态性与物种组成关系

DOI: 10.18307/2009.0310

Keywords: DNA多态性,RAPD,PCR-DGGE,浮游生物群落,转基因鱼试验湖

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Abstract:

采用RAPD和PCR-DGGE指纹技术对转基因鱼试验湖的浮游生物群落DNA多态性进行了研究,并探讨了DNA多态性与物种组成的关系.结果显示:(1)形态学分类共鉴定到44种/类浮游生物:其中藻类13种,原生动物11种,轮虫16种,枝角类和桡足类各2种.多甲藻(Peridiniumsp.)、球形砂壳虫(Difflugiaglobulosa)、螺形龟甲轮虫(Keratellacochlearis)和针簇多肢轮虫(Polyarthratrigla)4个物种在各个站丰度相对较高.(2)RAPD扩增共获得128条长度在200-1200bp的谱带,多态率为61.7%,特异性谱带占总谱带的19.5%.(3)PCR-DGGE指纹分析共获得87条扩增谱带,其中原核生物谱带相对较多(50条),真核生物谱带较少(37条),多态率分别为86%和64.9%.尽管形态学鉴定和DNA指纹分析都表现出较高物种多样性,但其相似性聚类却有差别:物种组成聚类中B、C站聚为一类,D、E站聚为一类,A站独为一类;两种DNA指纹分析聚类结果显示C、D、E三站聚为一类,A、B聚为一类.综上所述,在对浮游生物群落的研究中,形态学方法与DNA指纹技术不显著对应,后者能揭示更丰富的物种多样性,但毫无疑问三种方法可以从不同方面表征群落结构.这将为进一步研究湖泊浮游生物群落结构和功能关系奠定坚实的基础.

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