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基于形态仿生的轿车升阻特性的数值模拟

, PP. 1283-1289

Keywords: 工程仿生学,形态仿生,扰流板,棱纹,减阻

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Abstract:

受鱼类利用中央鳍/对鳍对流体介质产生扰动来增加运动稳定性的启发,本文在轿车尾部增加功能类似中央鳍/对鳍的扰流板,称之为方案一;针对其阻力增加,在方案一的基础上,在车后窗及汽车后备箱表面添加棱纹形态仿生功能表面,称之为方案二。利用数值模拟方法,对上述两种方案及原车模型在高速行驶状况下进行仿真分析,结果表明:方案一升力系数由原车的-0.06455降为-0.1516,后轮附着力增加,提高了轿车的操纵稳定性;方案二较好地梳理了尾部气流,延迟了气流的分离,与方案一比较,减阻率达到4.938%。

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