? CARMONA D M, CANO á F, AROCENA J M. Cadmium, copper, lead, and zinc in secondary sulfate minerals in soils of mined areas in Southeast Spain [J]. Geoderma, 2009, 150: 150–157.
[2]
? BASCIANO L C, PETERSON R C. Crystal chemistry of the natrojarosite-jarosite and natrojarosite-hydronium jarosite solid-solution series: A synthetic study with full Fe site occupancy [J]. Am Miner, 2008, 93: 853–862.
[3]
? ZHAO Hongkun, LUO Tingliang, REN Baozeng, et al. Phase diagram of the quaternary system sodium sulfate + sodium chloride + hydrogen peroxide + water and its subsystems: experimental date [J]. J Chem Eng Data, 2003, 48(6): 1540–1543.
[4]
? SCHWERTMANN U, BIGHAM J M, MURAD E. The first occurrence of schwertmannite in a natural stream environment [J]. Eur J Mineral, 1995, 7: 547–552.
[5]
? BISHOP J L, MURAD E. The visible and infrared spectral properties of jarosite and alunite [J]. Am Miner, 2005, 90: 1100–1107.
[6]
? SEJKORA J, DUDA R. Natroalunite and natrojarosite from Saca [J]. Miner Slovaca, 1998, 30: 315–320.
[7]
? BREITINGER D K, KRIEGLSTEIN R, BOGNER A, et al. Vibrational spectra of synthetic minerals of the alunite and crandallite type [J]. J Mol Struct, 1997, 408/409: 287–290.
[8]
? SASAKI K, TANAIKE O, KONNO H. Distinction of jarosite-group compounds by Raman Spectroscopy [J]. Can Minerral, 1998, 36: 1225– 1235.
[9]
? GROHOL D, NOCERA D G. Hydrothermal oxidation-reduction methods for the preparation of pure and single crystalline alunites: synthesis and characterization of a new series of vanadium jarosites [J]. J Am Chem Soc, 2002, 124: 2640–2646.
[10]
? BREITINGER D K, SCHUKOW H, BELZ H H, et al. Two-phonon excitations in IR and NIR spectra of alunites [J]. J Mol Struct, 1999, 480–481: 677–682.
[11]
? KAWANO M, TOMITA K. Geochemical modeling of bacterially induced mineralization of schwertmannite and jarosite in sulfuric acid spring water [J]. Am Miner, 2001, 86: 1156–1165.
[12]
? BARHAM R J. Schwertmannite: A unique mineral, contains a replaceable ligand, transformation to jarosite, hematites, and/or basic iron sulfate [J]. J Mater Res, 1997, 12(10): 2751–2758.
[13]
? DUTRIZAC J E, JAMBOR J L. Jarosites and their application in hydrometallurgy: Sulfate minerals – crystallography, geochemistry and environmental significance [J]. Rev Miner Geochem, 2000, 40(1): 405–452.
[14]
? DESBOROUGH G A, SMITH K S, LOWERS H A, et al. Mineralogical and chemical characteristics of some natural jarosites [J]. Geochim Cosmochim Acta, 2010, 74: 1041–1056.
[15]
? JAMBOR J L. Nomenclature of the alunite supergroup [J]. Can Miner, 1999, 37: 1323–1341.
[16]
? WEBSTER J G, SWEDLUND P J, WEBSTER K S. Trace metal adsorption onto an acid mine drainage iron(Ⅲ) oxy hydroxy sulfate [J]. Environ Sci Technol, 1998, 32(10): 1361–1368.
CHEN Fuxing, ZHOU Lixiang. China Environ Sci (in Chinese), 2006, 26(1): 11–15.
[21]
? BIGHAM J M, SCHWERTMANN U, CARLSON L, et al. A poorly crystallized oxyhydroxysulfate of iron formed by bacterial oxidation of Fe(Ⅱ) in acid mine waters [J]. Geochim Cosmochim Acta, 1990, 54: 2743–2758.
[22]
? YU J Y, HEO B, CHOI I K, et al. Apparent solubilities of schwertmannite and ferrihydrite in natural stream waters polluted by mine drainage [J]. Geochim Cosmochim Acta, 1999, 63(19/20): 3407–3416.
[23]
? BIGHAM J M, CARLSON L, MURAD E. Schwertmannite, a new iron oxyhydroxysulphate from Pyh?salmi, Finland, and other localities [J]. Miner Mag, 1994, 58: 641–648.
[24]
? BIGHAM J M, SCHWERTMANN U, TRAINA S J, et al. Schwertmannite and the chemical modeling of iron in acid sulfate waters [J]. Geochim Cosmochim Acta, 1996, 60(12): 2111–2121.
[25]
? FERNANDEZ-MARTINEZ A, TIMON V, ROMAN-ROSS G, et al. The structure of schwertmannite, a nanocrystalline iron oxyhydroxysulfate [J]. Am Miner, 2010, 95: 1312–1322.
[26]
? CHILDS C W, INOUE K, MIZOTA C. Natural and anthropogenic schwertmannite from Towada-Hachimantai National park, Honshu, Japan [J]. Chem Geol, 1998, 144: 81–86.
[27]
? J?NSSON J, PERSSON P, SJ?BERG S, et al. Schwertmannite precipitated from acid mine drainage: phase transformation, sulphate release and surface properties [J]. Appl Geochem, 2005, 20: 179–191.
[28]
? LIAO Yuehua, ZHOU Lixiang, LIANG Jianru, et al. Biosynthesis of schwertmannite by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans cell suspensions under different pH condition [J]. Mater Sci Eng C, 2009, 29: 211–215.
[29]
? REGENSPURG S, BRAND A, PEIFFER S. Formation and stability of schwertmannite in acidic mining lakes [J]. Geochim Cosmochim Acta, 2004, 68(6): 1185–1197.
DOU Xiaomin, YU Xin, ZHAO Bei, et al. Chin J Environ Eng, 2010, 4(9): 1989–1994.
[32]
? SCHWERTMANN U, CORNELL R M. Iron Oxides in the Laboratory: Preparation and Characterization [M]. 2nd ed. New York: Willey & Sons, 2000: 148–149.
[33]
? SCHWERTMANN U, CARLSON L. The pH-dependent transformation of schwertmannite to goethite at 25 ℃ [J]. Clay Miner, 2005, 40: 63–66.
[34]
? KNORR K H, BLODAU C. Controls on schwertmannite transformation rates and products [J]. Appl Geochem, 2007, 22: 2006–2015.
[35]
? DAVIDSON L E, SHAW S, BENNING L G. The kinetics and mechanisms of schwertmannite transformation to goethite and hematite under alkaline conditions [J]. Am Miner, 2008, 93: 1326–1337.
[36]
? LIAO Yuehua, LIANG Jianru, ZHOU Lixiang. Adsorptive removal of As(Ⅲ) by biogenic schwertmannite from simulated As-contaminated groundwater [J]. Chemosphere, 2011, 83: 295–301.