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环境化学  2015 

海洋沉积物-水界面营养盐交换过程的研究

Keywords: 营养盐,沉积物-水界面,交换,室内培养

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Abstract:

对胶州湾和渤海沉积物分别进行室内培养实验。结果表明,在沉积物中加入营养盐后,铵氮、硅酸盐由沉积物向水体的迁移增大,铵氮的迁移在总溶解态氮的交换中起主要作用,其交换量约占总溶解态氮扩散量的76%,硝酸盐及磷酸盐由水体向沉积物的迁移减弱。在上覆水中加入营养盐后,硝酸盐、磷酸盐由水体向沉积物的迁移增大,硝酸氮的迁移占总溶解态氮交换的主要部分,约为62%.铵由沉积物向水体的迁移减弱,硅酸盐变成由水体向沉积物迁移。沉积物对于上覆水中营养盐的浓度具有一定的调节作用。无论在充空气或充氮气条件下,磷及硅的交换速率变化不明显,铵氮的迁移占总溶解态氮扩散量的98%以上。充氧条件下硝酸盐由沉积物向上覆水的迁移通量较充氮气条件增加。比较两种不同的通量计算方法(积分和拟合),结果表明由两种计算方法计算的交换速率的变化趋势基本是一致的。

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