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环境化学  2015 

九龙江河口上游表层沉积物中重金属赋存形态及生态风险

Keywords: 九龙江河口上游,表层沉积物,重金属,赋存形态,生态风险

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Abstract:

分析了九龙江河口上游表层沉积物中9种重金属元素(Zn、Ni、Fe、Mn、Pb、Cu、Cr、Cd、Hg)的含量,结果显示,Cd、Hg、Pb、Zn、Cu、Ni在所有采样点的含量均超过中国浅海沉积物背景值,表明研究区沉积物中上述元素已有不同程度的富集.采用改进的BCR四步连续提取法对沉积物中Zn、Ni、Fe、Mn、Pb、Cu、Cr进行形态分析,结果表明,Mn主要以弱酸溶态存在,Pb主要以可还原态存在,其余元素主要以残渣态存在;各元素可提取态占总量的比例顺序为Mn(81.3%)>Pb(64.9%)>Zn(49.5%)>Cu(48.4%)>Cr(47.7%)>Ni(33.5%)>Fe(26.5%).潜在生态危害指数表明,研究区沉积物已受到多种重金属的严重综合污染;Cd潜在生态危害程度极强,Hg潜在生态危害程度很强,其余元素潜在生态危害程度轻微;从多元素生态风险指数来看,九龙江河口上游表层沉积物中重金属元素的综合潜在生态风险程度极强.

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