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环境化学  2015 

微波消解-ICP-AES/ICP-MS测定沉积物中23种元素的方法研究及应用

Keywords: 微波消解,ICP-AES,ICP-MS,珠江广州段,地质积累指数

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Abstract:

建立了一种硝酸-氢氟酸-硼酸微波消解沉积物、电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-AES)联合电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)测定沉积物中23种元素(Al、Fe、K、Mg、Na、Ca、Ti、P、Ba、Mn、V、Sr、Zn、Cu、Cr、Ni、Co、Pb、U、Mo、Tl、Cd和Ag)含量的分析方法.样品经该方法消解后无需蒸干、离心、过滤等操作,既简化了操作,又提高了实验准确性.多次采用该方法消解并测定加拿大标准物质MESS-3,测定值与标准值吻合,重现性和稳定性好.用该方法对珠江广州段某站点沉积柱中元素进行分析测定,结果显示Zn、Cu、Pb和Cr的含量都远高于同区域其他研究结果,与污水处理厂污泥中重金属的含量相近,推测这些重金属主要来源于污水处理厂污泥.采用地质积累指数法对重金属的污染程度进行评价,结果表明,污染最严重的元素是Cd和Ag,其次是Cu和Zn,重金属元素污染程度顺序是Cd>Ag>Cu>Zn>Pb>Mo>Cr>Ni>U>Co>V>Tl>Fe.

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