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化工进展  2015 

全氟辛烷磺酸/全氟辛酸替代物——新型含氟表面活性剂的研究进展

DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2015.05.038

Keywords: 全氟辛烷磺酸/全氟辛酸,含氟表面活性剂,替代物

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Abstract:

全氟辛烷磺酸/全氟辛酸(PFOA/PFOS)由于存在有争议的环境污染和生物蓄积等问题,已经成为全世界关注的焦点之一,寻找能够替代PFOA/PFOS的新型含氟表面活性剂具有重要的意义.本文综述了可能替代PFOA/PFOS新型含氟表面活性剂的合成路线和方法,并按照分子结构进行了分类,着重介绍了以下4类①端基为CF3O或(CF3)2N系列表面活性剂;②短氟链系列表面活性剂;③基于VDF或TFP系列表面活性剂;④全氟聚醚系列表面活性剂;同时对4类新型替代物的表面活性、生物降解性及在乳液聚合中的应用进行了归纳总结.目前PFOA/PFOS替代物的研究趋势,主要朝着降低含氟表面活性剂中氟元素比例、含减少氟链“有效长度”及插入N、O等杂原子等方向发展,使得新型含氟表活性剂更易降解、更环保、更安全.

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