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水蒸汽诱导法成膜过程研究

Keywords: 聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF),蒸汽诱导法,红外光谱,凝胶速度,膜结构

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Abstract:

在用水蒸汽诱导法制备聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)微孔膜时,利用光学显微镜对初生态膜在水蒸汽中凝胶过程进行动态观察,结合膜在不同湿度下质量变化和表面液滴层的红外光谱图,研究了蒸汽诱导法成膜的具体过程.结果表明,蒸汽诱导法制备PVDF膜的成膜过程存在着溶剂和非溶剂的迁移,刚开始是非溶剂水的迁入占主导地位,膜质量增加;此后,溶剂与非溶剂的挥发逐渐占主导地位,膜质量在达到最大值后逐渐减少,最终稳定.湿度较高时,溶剂与非溶剂扩散速度较快,膜的凝胶速度较快;湿度较低时,膜凝胶速度则较慢.膜表面和断面电镜照片表明,随着膜在蒸汽中停留时间的延长,蒸汽诱导法最终形成的膜为粗糙多孔表面及对称的断面结构.

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