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航空学报  2014 

高性能大型金属构件激光增材制造:若干材料基础问题

DOI: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2014.0174, PP. 2690-2698

Keywords: 激光增材制造,激光/金属交互作用,快速凝固,物理冶金,循环固态相变,热应力

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Abstract:

简要介绍了高性能大型金属构件激光增材制造的技术特点、国内外研究进展及技术发展面临的挑战,分析了大型金属构件激光增材制造的"高性能材料制备"与"复杂结构直接制造"有机融合、"控形/控性"一体化的独特特征。指出高性能大型关键金属构件激光增材制造技术的发展和工程应用,将在很大程度上取决于人们对激光增材制造过程中对激光/金属交互作用行为及能量吸收利用机制、内部冶金缺陷形成机制及力学行为、移动熔池约束快速凝固行为及构件晶粒形态演化规律、非稳态循环固态相变行为及显微组织形成规律、内应力演化规律及构件变形开裂预防方法等材料基础问题的深入研究。

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