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金属学报 2010

不锈钢材料的高效率焊接新工艺

DOI: DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1037.2010.00437, PP. 1347-1364

陆善平,董文超,李殿中,李依依

Keywords: 不锈钢,高效率焊接,活性元素,氧,Marangoni对流,熔池形貌

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Abstract:

针对不锈钢材料钨极惰性气体保护(TIG)焊熔深浅、焊接效率低的缺点开发了大深宽比高效率TIG焊接新工艺,包括活性剂焊接工艺、混合气体联合保护焊工艺和双层气流保护焊工艺.与涂覆活性剂法相比,混合气体法不仅可获得深熔深,而且操作方便,易于实现工业化;双层气流法可有效避免混合气体法中电极氧化烧损现象.实验和模拟结果表明熔池中活性元素O含量变化导致的Marangoni对流方向的变化是TIG焊熔深增加的主要因素,焊接过程中调整液态熔池中活性组元含量可获得大深宽比焊缝.高效率TIG焊接工艺对焊接规范(焊接速度、焊接电流和电极间距)不敏感,有利于在工业生产中推广应用.

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