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四环素和金霉素对水生生物的生态毒性效应

Keywords: 四环素,金霉素,急性毒性,大型溞,斑马鱼,鲫鱼

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Abstract:

由于抗生素在养殖业和畜牧业中的长期滥用,其对水环境的污染胁迫已日益受到关注。本研究选取大型溞(Daphniamagna)、斑马鱼(Daniorerio)和鲫鱼(Carassiusauratus)作为受试生物,探讨环境中普遍存在的四环素类抗生素——四环素(Tetracycline,TC)和金霉素(Chlortetracycline,CTC)对以上3种水生生物的急性毒性,从而初步评价四环素类抗生素对水生生物的潜在生态风险。结果表明,四环素对鲫鱼和斑马鱼96h-LC50值分别为322.8mg·L-1和406.0mg·L-1,对大型溞的48h-EC50值为617.2mg·L-1。金霉素对鲫鱼和斑马鱼96h-LC50值分别为34.68mg·L-1和61.15mg·L-1,对大型溞48h-EC50值为137.6mg·L-1。3种水生生物对四环素和金霉素的毒性敏感顺序均为:鲫鱼>斑马鱼>大型溞,金霉素的毒性明显高于四环素。根据毒性分级标准判定,四环素对3种水生生物均属低毒,金霉素对大型溞属低毒,对于斑马鱼和鲫鱼则属中毒。

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