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沥滤液中低分子量有机酸对小麦种子的急性毒性

Keywords: 沥滤液,低分子量有机酸,急性毒性,液液萃取,减压蒸馏

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Abstract:

沥滤液来源于生活垃圾焚烧厂贮坑,富含垃圾中的各种有害物质,其处理与再利用过程中可能引起的生态毒性受到人们的关注。采用小麦种子为受试物,通过种子萌发抑制试验对低分子量有机酸(C2-C5)的急性毒性进行评价,并结合液液萃取和减压蒸馏的方法考察低分子量有机酸对沥滤液总体生物毒性的贡献。结果表明,分子态乙酸对小麦种子萌发的急性抑制毒性高于离子态,低分子量有机酸对小麦种子发芽和根伸长的急性抑制毒性,均随低分子量有机酸碳链的增长而增加。5种有机酸贡献了沥滤液稀释液总体急性抑制毒性的20.25%(根)和12.75%(芽);短链有机酸由于具有较低的辛醇-水分配系数(kow),对酸性有机萃取物总体急性抑制毒性的贡献较低;减压蒸馏馏分总体毒性较低,5种低分子量有机酸对其的毒性贡献为24.6%(根)和21.9%(芽)。

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