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锌冶炼厂周围农作物和蔬菜的汞污染及健康风险评价

Keywords: 蔬菜,农作物,,复合污染,锌冶炼

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Abstract:

采用对应采样方法研究了葫芦岛锌冶炼厂周围地区3种农作物、20多种蔬菜及其根部土壤的含汞量。结果表明,蔬菜可食用部分受到汞的严重污染,汞含量范围为0.001 ̄0.147mg·kg-1(干重);37.1%的叶菜类蔬菜、9%的瓜类蔬菜和4%的豆类蔬菜超过国家食品污染物限量标准;玉米、大豆、高粱中汞污染明显,3者的种子中汞平均含量分别为0.008、006、0.057mg·kg-1;作物和蔬菜植株中汞含量顺序为叶>根>茎>果实。相关性分析表明,植株根部的汞主要来自于土壤,而叶中的汞则可能来源于大气。通过消费蔬菜,成人汞的平均摄入量为0.015μg·kg-1·d-1,最高摄入量为0.051μg·kg-1·d-1,儿童汞的平均摄入量为0.020μg·kg-1·d-1,最高摄入量为0.069μg·kg-1·d-1,仅通过这一途径摄入的总汞平均值就分别占PTWI的2.1%、2.8%,最高值占7.1%、9.7%。

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