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不同作物秸秆生物炭对溶液中Pb2+、Cd2+的吸附

DOI: 10.11654/jaes.2015.05.025

Keywords: 作物秸秆 生物炭 Pb2+ Cd2+ 吸附

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Abstract:

为研究秸秆生物质炭的性质特征对其吸附重金属的影响,在限氧条件下将粉碎的小麦、水稻、玉米秸秆于450℃热裂解制备三种秸秆炭。研究了三种秸秆炭对溶液中Pb2+、Cd2+的吸附特性,并对其性质特征进行了测定分析。结果表明:三种秸秆炭对Pb2+、Cd2+的吸附符合准二级动力学模型,小麦、水稻、玉米三种秸秆炭对Pb2+的吸附速率分别为0.044、0.019、0.012 mg·g-1·h-1,对Cd2+的吸附速率分别为0.195、0.164、0.070 mg·g-1·h-1.三者对不同浓度下Pb2+、Cd2+的吸附符合Langmuir等温吸附模型,小麦、水稻、玉米三种秸秆炭对Pb2+的吸附容量分别为99.65、110.31、88.82 mg·g-1,对Cd2+的吸附容量分别为30.64、29.39、21.47 mg·g-1;在溶液pH 2.5~3.5时,三者对溶液中Pb2+、Cd2+的去除率急剧增加。小麦和水稻秸秆炭含有较高的碳酸盐、磷酸盐等无机矿物组分以及相对较高的阳离子交换量,对溶液中的Pb2+、Cd2+的去除可能是由于化学沉淀作用较强烈,而玉米秸秆炭的有机碳及官能团含量较高,孔隙结构较好,比表面积大,可能主要通过表面吸附及官能团的络合作用去除溶液中Pb2+、Cd2+

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