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土壤外源Cd胁迫对小麦幼苗生长自由基代谢及抗氧化酶活性的影响

Keywords: Cd,小麦,电子顺磁共振,自由基,氧化胁迫,生态毒性

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Abstract:

通过盆栽试验研究了土壤外源Cd污染胁迫对小麦幼苗生长、Cd吸收、自由基代谢及抗氧化酶活性的影响。结果表明,土壤Cd含量在0~33mg·kg-1范围内,小麦未产生明显的毒害症状,且Cd含量低于3.3mg·kg-1时促进小麦生长;随着土壤外源Cd浓度的增加,小麦根系和叶片Cd含量显著增加。电子顺磁共振(EPR)研究结果显示,小麦叶片自由基水平高于根系,且随Cd浓度的变化,叶片自由基响应比根系更敏感;与对照相比,Cd浓度低于3.3mg·kg-1时,Cd处理使小麦叶片自由基水平降低,高浓度的Cd处理(≥3.3mg·kg-1),则使小麦叶片自由基水平升高。叶片SOD、CAT、POD、APX等抗氧化酶在低于3.3mg·kg-1的Cd处理时,没有明显变化,但更高浓度的Cd处理则诱导酶活性升高,表明氧化胁迫程度增加。综合生物量、自由基变化及抗氧化酶的响应结果,初步确定土壤外源Cd对小麦幼苗的毒性临界点在3.3~10mg·kg-1之间。

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