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北方设施菜地夏季不同填闲作物的吸氮效果比较研究

Keywords: 设施菜地,填闲作物,硝酸盐,淋溶

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Abstract:

为筛选出吸氮效果明显的北方设施菜地夏季填闲作物,在北京郊区设施菜地,以甜玉米、高丹草、红叶苋菜、空心菜和小麦等5种不同作物为处理设置试验小区,开展田间监测、土壤和植株样品采集及检测,进行试验数据和资料的统计分析。结果表明,5种作物中,甜玉米生物量大、吸氮量大且速率快,阻控硝酸盐向深层土壤淋溶能力强。本试验条件下,甜玉米生物量和吸氮量分别达到92335kg·hm-2和330kg·hm-2;种植甜玉米后,0~120cm土层的硝酸含量减少近140kg·hm-2,均显著大于同等种植条件下的其他4种作物(P<0.05)。就减少土壤硝态氮淋失的效果而言,甜玉米是北方设施菜地夏季填闲作物的较好选择。

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