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- 2005

大气气溶胶光学特性与遥感图像光谱相关性分析

刘洪斌, 杨晓光, 武伟,刘海隆

Keywords: 大气气溶胶,光学厚度,消光,反演

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Abstract:

摘要：大气气溶胶对气候变化有重要的影响,由于观测资料缺乏,遥感成为越来越重要的研究手段。通过对气溶胶粒子的散射和反射特性分析表明,气溶胶的光学特性因气溶胶的成分和入射光波长的不同而不同,利用这些光谱差异,可以通过遥感方法进行光学厚度的反演,进而研究气溶胶的运动及分布、气候效应等特征。气溶胶中不同的粒子尺度及组成使其散射光学特性有较大的差异,2.1μm(或2.2μm)波段处的光谱反射率受尘粒气溶胶的影响较大;气溶胶具有时空变异特征;气溶胶在大气层上界(TDA)的辐射强迫表现为正效应,在单粒子反射率(SSA)的某一区间,其净效应因云状大小、表面反射率以及垂直气溶胶和云的分布的变化而变化,它通过影响云的凝聚核和半向效应而具有间接辐射强迫效应,另外它与臭氧的含量具有密切关系;在气溶胶信息的获取中,太阳光度计观测是一种重要手段,遥感正成为研究气溶胶越来越重要的途径。

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