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缓冲器阻抗特性对重载列车动力学性能的影响

, PP. 59-64

Keywords: 重载列车,HXD1机车,纵向冲击,车钩和缓冲器,阻抗特性,弹性胶泥,摩擦胶泥

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Abstract:

研究了重载列车缓冲器的特性,分析了弹性胶泥型缓冲器和摩擦胶泥型缓冲器的结构及工作原理,以HXD1型机车、13A型车钩以及2种类型缓冲器为基础,建立了4节编组机车万吨级牵引列车动力学模型,研究了2种缓冲器静态与动态阻抗特性对重载列车相关动力学性能的影响。仿真结果表明重载列车在长大下坡道进行循环制动时,摩擦胶泥型缓冲器无穷大的静态阻抗特性有利于发挥缓冲作用,在受到900kN静态压力的情况下,能够保持100%的缓冲器行程和容量,且能满足进一步缓冲1000kN动态压力的需要,此时缓冲器的行程不超过20mm;在900kN静态压力与400kN动态压力的复合作用下,弹性胶泥型缓冲器行程就已经达到60mm,难以满足缓冲更大冲击压力的需要;在动态阻抗特性方面,2种缓冲器均能满足万吨级重载列车的正常运行要求。

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