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柴油公交车行驶工况解析及排放特性研究

Keywords: 公交车,行驶工况,欧洲稳态循环,欧洲瞬态循环,比排放

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Abstract:

为评价ESC和ETC工况与公交车实际行驶工况的一致性,以及其排放限值与实际行驶排放水平的差异,对北京市公交车的行驶工况进行了调查.采用聚类的统计方法对工况数据进行解析和特征值计算,选择合适的公交车采用SEMTECH气态分析仪对气态污染物实时测量.结果表明:ESC稳态及ETC瞬态工况均与公交车的实际行驶工况有很大的差别,采用通过ESC和ETC标准的发动机在公交车上运转时,CO和NOx的排放量会经常大幅度超过限值,特别是NOx超过50%的时间点均处于限值以上,且偏离程度较大,不能有效地对公交车排放进行限定.对公交车可以在台架上采用特定的工况进行型式认证,或者采用车载测量的方法作为补充的监督手段.

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