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矿床地质  2010 

五台山绿岩带主要金矿类型及构造控矿规律探讨

Keywords: 地质学,五台山绿岩带,主要金矿类型,构造控矿,山西省

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Abstract:

依据构造控矿为成矿主因、矿源层是物质基础,将五台山绿岩带金矿划分为3种主要类型:与次级褶皱有关的条带状铁建造型金矿床、与剪切变形有关的变质中酸性火山沉积岩型金矿床、与剪切变形有关的变质砾岩型金矿床。这些不同类型的金矿床构造控矿特征明显。五台山绿岩带的区域性倒转复式向斜构造制约了含矿带呈NEE向展布,大型紧闭褶皱转折端控制了矿床的定位,与紧闭褶皱伴生的剪切变形及次级褶皱控制着矿体的规模、形态和产状,剪切裂隙控制着金矿脉的分布和金矿化的局部富集。紧闭褶皱倒转翼部(近转折端)的剪切变形是五台山绿岩带金矿构造控矿的普遍规律。矿源层是物质基础,而经历了紧闭褶皱及伴生的剪切变形带叠加改造的矿源层才是最佳的成矿和找矿靶区。文章以构造控矿理论为指导,重点剖析了典型矿床的构造控矿特征,深入探讨了控矿构造对矿床定位、规模大小、矿体形态、富集程度的制约,认为褶皱与剪切变形不仅在于控矿,而且其本身就是一种重要的成矿作用,进而总结了五台山绿岩带金矿构造控矿的普遍规律。

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