Fiorito LM, Marini M, Francis LA, et al.Beverage intake of girls at age 5 y predicts adiposity and weight status in childhood and adolescence[J].The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2009, 90(4):935.
[3]
Chrysant SG, Chrysant GS.Cardiovascular complications from consumption of high energy drinks:recent evidence[J].J Hum Hypertens, 2015, 29(2):71-76.
[4]
Clauson KA, Shields KM, Mcqueen CE, et al.Safety issues associated with commercially available energy drinks[J].J Am Pharm Assoc(2003), 2008, 48(3):e55-e67.
[5]
Magkos F, Kavouras SA.Caffeine use in sports,pharmacokinetics in man,and cellular mechanisms of action[J].Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr, 2005, 45(7-8):535-562.
Savoca MR, Evans CD, Wilson ME, et al.The association of caffeinated beverages with blood pressure in adolescents[J].Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, 2004, 158(5):473-477.
[8]
Savoca MR, Mackey ML, Evans CD, et al.Association of ambulatory blood pressure and dietary caffeine in adolescents[J].American Journal of Hypertension, 2005, 18(1):116-120.
[9]
Usman A, Jawaid A.Hypertension in a young boy:an energy drink effect[J].BMC Res Notes, 2012, 5(1):591.
[10]
Turley KR, Desisso T, Gerst JW.Effects of caffeine on physiological responses to exercise:boys versus men[J].Pediatric Exercise Science, 2007, 19(4):481.
[11]
Terlizzi R, Rocchi C, Serra M, et al.Reversible postural tachycardia syndrome due to inadvertent overuse of Red Bull[J].Clinical Autonomic Research, 2008, 18(4):221-223.
[12]
Ali F, Rehman H, Babayan Z, et al.Energy drinks and their adverse health effects:a systematic review of the current evidence[J].Postgraduate Medicine, 2015, 127(3):308-322.
[13]
Namdar M, Gaemperli O, Kaufmann PA, et al.Caffeine decreases exercise-induced myocardial flow reserve[J].Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2006, 47(2):405-410.
[14]
Jones CJ, Kuo L, Davis MJ, et al.Role of nitric oxide in the coronary microvascular responses to adenosine and increased metabolic demand[J].Circulation, 1995, 91(6):1807-1813.
[15]
Looi KL, Grace A, Agarwal S.Coronary artery spasm and ventricular arrhythmias[J].Postgraduate Medical Journal, 2012, 88(1042):465.
[16]
Wilson RE, Kado HS, Samson R, et al.A case of caffeine-induced coronary artery vasospasm of a 17-year-old male[J].Cardiovascular Toxicology, 2012, 12(2):175-179.
[17]
Scott MJ, El-Hassan M, Khan AA.Myocardial infarction in a young adult following the consumption of a caffeinated energy drink[J].BMJ Case Reports, 2011, doi:10.1136/bcr.02.2011.3854.
[18]
Axelrod J, Reichenthal J.The fate of caffeine in man and a method for its estimation in biological material[J].J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 1953, 107(4):519-523.
[19]
Rizvi AH, Awaiz M, Ghanghro Z, et al.Pre-examination stress in second year medical students in a government college[J].Journal of Ayub Medical College,Abbottabad:JAMC, 2010, 22(2):152.
[20]
Grasser EK, Dulloo AG, Montani J.Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular effects in response to red bull consumption combined with mental stress[J].The American Journal of Cardiology, 2015, 115(2):183-189.
[21]
Trapp GS, Allen K, O''Sullivan TA, et al.Energy drink consumption is associated with anxiety in Australian young adult males[J].Depress Anxiety, 2014, 31(5):420-428.
[22]
Benko CR, Farias AC, Farias LG, et al.Potential link between caffeine consumption and pediatric depression:a case-control study[J].BMC Pediatrics, 2011, 11(1):73.
[23]
Whalen DJ,Silk JS, Semel M, et al.Caffeine consumption,sleep,and affect in the natural environments of depressed youth and healthy controls[J].Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 2008, 33(4):358-367.
[24]
Li S, Zhu S, Jin X, et al.Risk factors associated with short sleep duration among Chinese school-aged children[J].Sleep Medicine, 2010, 11(9):907-916.
Seifert SM,Schaechter JL, Hershorin ER, et al.Health effects of energy drinks on children,adolescents,and young adults[J].Pediatrics, 2011, 127(3):511-528.
Temple JL, Dewey AM, Briatico LN.Effects of acute caffeine administration on adolescents[J].Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 2010, 18(6):510-520.
[30]
Campbell B, Stout JR,Schmitz S, et al.International society of sports nutrition position stand:energy drinks[J].Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 2013, 10(1):1.
[31]
Nordt SP, Vilke GM, Clark RF, et al.Energy drink use and adverse effects among emergency department patients[J].Journal of Community Health, 2012, 37(5):976-981.
[32]
Wolk BJ, Ganetsky M, Babu KM.Toxicity of energy drinks[J].Current Opinion in Pediatrics, 2012, 24(2):243-251.
Calamaro CJ, Mason TB, Ratcliffe SJ.Adolescents living the 24/7 lifestyle:effects of caffeine and technology on sleep duration and daytime functioning[J].Pediatrics, 2009, 123(6):e1005-e1010.
[38]
Calamaro CJ, Yang K, Ratcliffe S, et al.Wired at a young age:the effect of caffeine and technology on sleep duration and body mass index in school-aged children[J].Journal of Pediatric Health Care:Official Publication of National Association of Pediatric Nurse Associates and Practitioners, 2012, 26(4):276.
[39]
Orbeta RL, Overpeck MD, Ramcharran D, et al.High caffeine intake in adolescents:associations with difficulty sleeping and feeling tired in the morning[J].Journal of Adolescent Health, 2006, 38(4):451-453.
[40]
Pollak CP, Bright D.Caffeine consumption and weekly sleep patterns in US seventh-,eighth- and ninth-graders[J].Pediatrics, 2003, 111(1):42-46.
[41]
Schubert P, Ogata T, Marchini C, et al.Protective mechanisms of adenosine in neurons and glial cells[J].Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1997, 825:1-10.
[42]
Fredholm BB, Chen JF, Cunha RA, et al.Adenosine and brain function[J].Int Rev Neurobiol, 2005, 63:191-270.
[43]
Sanchis-Gomar F, Pareja-Galeano H, Cervellin G, et al.Energy drink overconsumption in adolescents:implications for arrhythmias and other cardiovascular events[J].The Canadian Journal of Cardiology, 2015, 31(5):572-575.
[44]
George J, Murphy T, Roberts R, et al.Influence of alcohol and caffeine consumption on caffeine elimination[J].Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology, 1986, 13(10):731.
[45]
Izquierdo Fos I, Vázquez Gomis RM, Vázquez Gomis C, et al.Atrial fibrillation after ingestion of a high energy drink[J].Anales de pediatría(Barcelona,Spain:2003), 2012, 77(6):417.
[46]
Di Rocco JR, During A, Morelli PJ, et al.Atrial fibrillation in healthy adolescents after highly caffeinated beverage consumption:two case reports[J].Journal of Medical Case Reports, 2011, 5(1):18.
[47]
Worthley MI.Detrimental effects of energy drink consumption on platelet and endothelial function[J].Am J Med, 2010, 123(2):184-187.
[48]
Higgins JP.Endothelial function acutely worse after drinking energy beverage[J].Int J Cardiol, 2013, 168(2):e47-e49.
