Hudson G,Miller GG,Seikel K.Regulations,policies,and guidelines addressing environmental exposures in early learning environments:a review[J].J Environ Health,2014,76(7):24-34.
[2]
Bulgaroni V,Rovedatti MG,Sabino G,et al.Organophosphate pesticide environmental exposure:analysis of salivary cholinesterase and carboxilesterase activities in preschool children and their mothers[J].Environ Monit Assess,2012,184:3307-3314.
[3]
Albertini R,Bird M,Doerrer N,et al.The use of biomonitoring data in exposure and human health risk assessments[J].Environ Health Perspect,2006,114(11):1755-1762.
[4]
Egeghy PP,Cohen HE,Tulve NS,et al.Review of pesticide urinary biomarker measurements from selected US EPA children''s observational exposure studies[J].Int J Environ Res Public Health,2011,8(5):1727-1754.
[5]
Arcury TA,Grzywacz JG,Isom S,et al.Seasonal variation in the measurement of urinary pesticide metabolites among Latino farmworkers in eastern North Carolina[J].Int J Occup Environ Health,2009,15(4):339-350.
[6]
Barr DB,Angerer J.Potential uses of biomonitoring data:a case study using the organophosphorus pesticides chlorpyrifos and malathion[J].Environ Health Perspect,2006,114(11):1763-1769.
[7]
Ross JH,Driver JH,Cochran RC,et al.Could pesticide toxicology studies be more relevant to occupational risk assessment?[J].Ann Occup Hyg,2001,45(Suppl 1):S5-17.
[8]
Muniz JF,Mccauley L,Scherer J,et al.Biomarkers of oxidative stress and DNA damage in agricultural workers:a pilot study[J].Toxicol Appl Pharmacol,2008,227(1):97-107.
[9]
Lakind JS,Barraj L,Tran N,et al.Environmental chemicals in people:challenges in interpreting biomonitoring information[J].Environ Health,2008,70(9):61-64.
[10]
Timchalk C,Poet TS,Kousba AA,et al.Noninvasive biomonitoring approaches to determine dosimetry and risk following acute chemical exposure:analysis of lead or organophosphate insecticide in saliva[J].Toxicol Environ Health A,2004,67(8-10):635-650.
[11]
Timchalk C,Campbell JA,Liu G,et al.Development of a non-invasive biomonitoring approach to determine exposure to the organophosphorus insecticide chlorpyrifos in rat saliva[J].Toxicol Appl Pharmacol,2007,219(2-3):217-225.
[12]
Tutudaki M,Tsatsakis AM.Pesticide hair analysis:development of a GC-NCI-MS method to assess chronic exposure to diazinon in rats[J].J Anal Toxicol,2005,29(8):805-809.
[13]
Ostrea EJ,Villanueva-Uy E,Bielawski D,et al.Analysis of house dust and children''s hair for pesticides:a comparison of markers of ongoing pesticide exposure in children[J].J Bioanal Biomed,2011,4.DOI:10.4172/1948-593x.1000057.
[14]
Ostrea EM,Morales V,Ngoumgna E,et al.Prevalence of fetal exposure to environmental toxins as determined by meconium analysis[J].Neurotoxicology,2002,23(3):329-339.
[15]
Ostrea EJ,Villanueva-Uy E,Bielawski DM,et al.Maternal hair-an appropriate matrix for detecting maternal exposure to pesticides during pregnancy[J].Environ Res,2006,101(3):312-322.
[16]
Rosenberg NM,Queen RM,Stamper JH.Sweat-patch test for monitoring pesticide absorption by airblast applicators[J].Bull Environ Contam Toxicol,1985,35(1):68-72.
[17]
Brunet BR,Barnes AJ,Choo RE,et al.Monitoring pregnant women''s illicit opiate and cocaine use with sweat testing[J].Ther Drug Monit,2010,32(1):40-49.
[18]
Bush DM.The US Mandatory Guidelines for Federal Workplace Drug Testing Programs:current status and future considerations[J].Forensic Sci Int,2008,174(2-3):111-119.
[19]
Koutroulakis D,Sifakis S,Tzatzarakis MN,et al.Dialkyl phosphates in amniotic fluid as a biomarker of fetal exposure to organophosphates in Crete,Greece;association with fetal growth[J].Reprod Toxicol,2014,46C:98-105.
[20]
Ngo MA,O''Malley M,Maibach HI.Percutaneous absorption and exposure assessment of pesticides[J].J Appl Toxicol,2010,30(2):91-114.
[21]
Gralewicz S,Swiercz R,Lutz P,et al.Effects of stress pretreatment on the dynamics of blood cholinesterase activity after exposure to an organophosphorus pesticide in the rat[J].Ann Agric Environ Med,2010,17(1):65-71.
[22]
De Silva HJ,Samarawickrema NA,Wickremasinghe AR.Toxicity due to organophosphorus compounds:what about chronic exposure?[J].Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg,2006,100(9):803-806.
[23]
Beltran KS,Pocsidio GN.Acetylcholinesterase activity in Corbicula fluminea Mull.,as a biomarker of organophosphate pesticide pollution in Pinacanauan River,Philippines[J].Environ Monit Assess,2010,165(1-4):331-340.
[24]
Choi JY,Yu J,Yang DB,et al.Acetylthiocholine(ATC)-cleaving cholinesterase(ChE)activity as a potential biomarker of pesticide exposure in the Manila clam,Ruditapes philippinarum,of Korea[J].Mar Environ Res,2011,71(3):162-168.
[25]
Timchalk C,Poet TS,Kousba AA,et al.Noninvasive biomonitoring approaches to determine dosimetry and risk following acute chemical exposure:analysis of lead or organophosphate insecticide in saliva[J].J Toxicol Environ Health A,2004,67(8-10):635-650.
[26]
Ng V,Koh D,Wee A,et al.Salivary acetylcholinesterase as a biomarker for organophosphate exposure[J].Occup Med(Lond),2009,59(2):120-122.
[27]
Xie S,Borazjani A,Hatfield MJ,et al.Inactivation of lipid glyceryl ester metabolism in human THP1 monocytes/macrophages by activated organophosphorus insecticides:role of carboxylesterases 1 and 2[J].Chem Res Toxicol,2010,23(12):1890-1904.
[28]
Bulgaroni V,Rovedatti MG,Sabino G,et al.Organophosphate pesticide environmental exposure:analysis of salivary cholinesterase and carboxilesterase activities in preschool children and their mothers[J].Environ Monit Assess,2012,184(5):3307-3314.
Lee DH,Jacobs DJ.Serum gamma-glutamyltransferase:new insights about an old enzyme[J].J Epidemiol Community Health,2009,63(11):884-886.
[31]
Debord J,Laubarie C,Dantoine T.Microcalorimetric study of the inhibition of butyrylcholinesterase by carbamates[J].Anal Biochem,2008,373(2):247-252.
[32]
Hofmann JN,Keifer MC,Furlong CE,et al.Serum cholinesterase inhibition in relation to paraoxonase-1(PON1)status among organophosphate-exposed agricultural pesticide handlers[J].Environ Health Perspect, 2009,117(9):1402-1408.
[33]
Kapka-Skrzypczak L,Cyranka M,Skrzypczak M,et al.Biomonitoring and biomarkers of organophosphate pesticides exposure-state of the art[J].Ann Agric Environ Med, 2011,18(2):294-303.
[34]
Hreljac I,Zajc I,Lah T,et al.Effects of model organophosphorous pesticides on DNA damage and proliferation of HepG2 cells[J].Environ Mol Mutagen,2008,49(5):360-367.
[35]
Bumroongkit K,Rannala B,Traisathit P,et al.TP53 gene mutations of lung cancer patients in upper northern Thailand and environmental risk factors[J].Cancer Genet Cytogenet,2008,185(1):20-27.
[36]
Lane DP.On the expression of the p53 protein in human cancer[J].Mol Biol Rep,1994,19(1):23-29.
[37]
Cohen M.Environmental toxins and health—the health impact of pesticides[J].Aust Fam Physician,2007,36(12):1002-1004.
[38]
Povey AC.Gene-environmental interactions and organophosphate toxicity[J].Toxicology,2010,278(3):294-304.
Zeljezic D,Garaj-Vrhovac V.Chromosomal aberration and single cell gel electrophoresis(Comet)assay in the longitudinal risk assessment of occupational exposure to pesticides[J].Mutagenesis,2001,16(4):359-363.