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草业学报  2014 

干旱胁迫对鸭茅根、叶保护酶活性、渗透物质含量及膜质过氧化作用的影响

DOI: 10.11686/cyxb20140316, PP. 144-151

Keywords: 鸭茅,干旱胁迫,膜质过氧化,渗透物质积累,保护酶活性

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Abstract:

以2种不同耐旱性的鸭茅基因型(敏感型“01998”和耐旱型“宝兴”)为研究对象,研究干旱胁迫下鸭茅根、叶膜质过氧化作用,渗透调节和保护酶活性的生理变化,探讨鸭茅耐旱机制。结果表明,随着干旱胁迫时间的延长,2种基因型鸭茅根系及叶片电导率,丙二醛含量逐渐增加,渗透调节物质可溶性糖和游离脯氨酸不断积累,而可溶性蛋白含量、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶活性呈先上升后下降趋势。其中,叶片脂膜过氧化产物MDA累积和膜透性增幅较大,说明在持续的干旱胁迫下叶片所受伤害重于根系。而渗透物质积累方面,叶片中可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白的含量高于根系,而根系中的游离氨基酸的相对增加量则大于叶片,这可能与叶片是糖的主要产生部位,而根系则可以合成氨基酸有关。研究还表明,干旱胁迫第24天,耐旱型品种“宝兴”根系及叶片APX、POD活性显著高于“01998”表明重度干旱胁迫并没有降低APX和POD酶清除H2O2和单态氧的能力,说明“宝兴”鸭茅在干旱条件下抗氧化清除系统响应更积极、更持久。

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