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草业学报  2014 

南疆玉米和不同糖分甜高粱的青贮品质分析

DOI: 10.11686/cyxb20140327, PP. 232-240

Keywords: 甜高粱,糖锤度,玉米,青贮品质

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Abstract:

为筛选适宜南疆地区的青贮甜高粱品种,采用罐装青贮的方法,以青贮玉米为对照,研究了糖分含量存在差异的6个品种甜高粱青贮的感观性状及其营养成分。结果显示,1)新高粱2号、考利和丽欧3个甜高粱品种青贮成功率均达到了100%,pH值小于4.12,感官评价为1级优等。甜饲1号和玉米青贮成功率为80%,pH值分别为4.27和4.18,感官定级为2级尚好。大力士青贮成功率为40%,pH值为4.97,感官定级为3级中等。X096青贮成功率为20%,pH5.31,定级为4级腐败。丽欧、考利、新高粱2号及玉米青贮的乳酸含量较高,丁酸含量较低;而X096、大力士青贮丁酸含量偏高,乳酸含量则较低。2)大力士甜高粱青贮水分含量最高(P<0.05),X096甜高粱青贮饲料水分含量最低(P<0.05)。甜高粱丽欧、考利和玉米青贮饲料的粗蛋白含量均超过了7%,显著高于其他各青贮样本(P<0.05),X096青贮饲料粗蛋白质含量最低(P<0.05)。粗脂肪含量以考利甜高粱青贮饲料最高,为3.30%,显著高于玉米、大力士和X096青贮饲料(P<0.05)。考利和丽欧甜高粱青贮饲料水溶性碳水化合物(watersolublecarbohydrate,WSC)含量均超过了4.5%,显著高于其他各青贮饲料WSC含量(P<0.05)。青贮玉米WSC含量高于X096和甜饲1号。3)粗纤维、中性洗涤纤维及酸性洗涤纤维含量,以X096甜高粱青贮最高(P<0.05),丽欧、考利、甜饲1号和玉米青贮基本在同一水平(P>0.05)。4)各品种甜高粱及玉米青贮的灰分、钙、磷含量无显著性差异(P>0.05)。可见,在南疆可选择新高粱2号、考利、丽欧等甜高粱品种替代玉米来制作青贮饲料;选择大力士制作青贮,应采取延迟收割或晾晒等方法,以降低青贮前水分偏高的问题。

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