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草业学报  2011 

杜鹃灌丛草地土壤容重与水分特征对不同休牧模式的响应

, PP. 28-35

Keywords: 杜鹃灌丛草地,休牧,践踏,土壤容重,土壤水分,土壤有机质

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Abstract:

以土壤容重与土壤水分特征为主要指标,研究了祁连山高寒杜鹃灌丛草地对全生长季休牧(分枯草期重牧与枯草期轻牧)和传统夏季休牧(重牧)的响应。结果表明,随着土层深入,休牧杜鹃灌丛草地土壤呈容重增大、含水率减小、有机质含量降低的基本变化态势;休牧杜鹃灌丛土壤异质化明显,灌丛冠幅下土壤容重小于灌间土壤,土壤水分大于灌间;6月的土壤容重较8和10月的小,而土壤含水率高;高寒杜鹃灌丛草地土壤含水率与土壤容重间呈极显著的负相关关系,与土壤有机质间呈正相关关系;与传统夏季休牧相比,全生长季休牧的杜鹃灌丛草地灌间畜蹄践踏小径的宽度、深度和面积显著减少,土壤紧实度降低,土壤含水率升高,有效改善了土壤功能;枯草期的高强度放牧降低了全生长季休牧对杜鹃灌丛草地土壤状况的有效恢复;研究证实合理的休牧时期确定与利用强度控制是实现退化高寒杜鹃灌丛草地土壤功能修复的关键。

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