Zheng Shiyuan. Dynamic causal relationship between spot and period freight rates for dry bulk shipping [J]. Journal of Dalian Maritime University: Social Science, 2011, 10(6): 33-37
[3]
Zannetos Z S. The Theory of Oil Tankship Rates: An Economic Analysis of Tankship Operations [M]. MA: MIT Press, 1966.
[4]
Hale C, Vanags A. Spot and period rates in the dry bulk market: some tests for the period 1980—1986 [J]. Journal of Transport Economics and Policy, 1989, 23(3): 281-291.
[5]
Berg-Andreassena J A. The relationship between period and spot rates in international maritime markets [J]. Maritime Policy and Management, 1997, 24(4): 335-350.
[6]
Veenstra A W, Franses P H. A co-integration approach to forecasting freight rates in the dry bulk shipping sector [J]. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 1997, 31(6): 447-458.
[7]
Glen D R, Martin B T. The modeling of dry bulk and tanker markets: a survey [J]. Maritime Policy & Management, 2006, 33(5): 431-445.
[8]
Wright G. Spot and period rates in the wet bulk shipping market testing for long-run parity [J]. Journal of Transport Economics and Policy, 2000, 34(3): 291-300.
[9]
Koekebakker S, Adland R, S?dal S. Are spot freight rates stationary? [J]. Journal of Transport Economics and Policy, 2006, 40(3): 449-472.
