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低剂量杀虫剂对星豹蛛捕食桃蚜功能模型的影响

, PP. 711-716

Keywords: 低剂量杀虫剂,星豹蛛,桃蚜,捕食功能模型

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Abstract:

为明确杀虫剂对捕食性天敌蜘蛛对蚜虫控制作用的影响,采用药膜法和点滴法测定了星豹蛛Pardosaastrigera和桃蚜Myzuspersicae对4种杀虫剂的敏感性,并利用HollingⅡ捕食功能反应模型分析了杀虫剂作用下星豹蛛对桃蚜的捕食功能反应。结果表明:桃蚜和星豹蛛均对阿维菌素最敏感,其对应的LD50和LC50最低,分别为4.94×10-4μg/头和0.14mg/L;吡虫啉和啶虫脒居中,毒死蜱最低;前三者的LD50依次是毒死蜱的127.47、72.05和1.67倍,LC50依次是毒死蜱的261.36、3.60和4.08倍。杀虫剂处理星豹蛛后对桃蚜的功能反应类型基本符合HollingⅡ模型;除3.0、4.5mg/L啶虫脒处理外,不同杀虫剂作用下星豹蛛对桃蚜的处理时间长于对照组的0.016d,最大日捕食量小于对照组的60.7头;同种杀虫剂作用下,随着浓度增加平均日捕食量逐渐降低,处理时间延长,瞬间攻击率下降;寻找效应随着桃蚜密度和杀虫剂浓度的增大而下降。表明低剂量杀虫剂处理星豹蛛后延长了其对猎物的处理时间,降低了瞬间攻击率,减少了日捕食数量,从而降低了对猎物的控制作用。

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