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活性跟踪法研究地骨皮中抑制NF-κB的化学成分

Keywords: 地骨皮,核转录因子κB,活性跟踪分离,酚酰胺类,构效关系

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Abstract:

传统中药地骨皮常用于治疗许多与炎症相关的疾病。该研究目的是确定地骨皮中抑制核转录因子NF-κB(炎症关键调控子)的活性成分。对不同溶剂的地骨皮提取物进行体外抑制NF-κB的活性试验,结果发现乙酸乙酯提取物与甲醇提取物表现出较强的抑制活性。通过活性跟踪分离纯化,获得4种酚酰胺类化合物,分别为:反-对羟基肉桂酰酪胺(1)、反-阿魏酰酪胺(2)、反-咖啡酰酪胺(3)与二氢咖啡酰酪胺(4)。它们对肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)诱导的NF-κB活性的抑制率差异非常显著,抑制率大小为3>4>2≈1。推测反-咖啡酰酪胺为关键活性成分,其IC50为18.41μmol·L-1。通过构效关系分析说明,反-咖啡酰酪胺C-3位的羟基可能是与NF-κB结合的高亲合位点,而且C-7,8位双键介导了苯环、羰基的π电子共轭作用,从而形成独特的平面空间构型,有助于抗炎分子与靶标蛋白的空间契合。由此推断,含有α,β-不饱和酮及苯环的迈克尔受体结构与邻二酚羟基共同决定了化合物3的生物活性。

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