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中国冬季降水和极端降水对变暖的响应

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Keywords: 冬季降水,极端降水,全球变暖,敏感性,区域响应,气候变化

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Abstract:

本文主要研究了中国近50年来冬季(12~2月)降水和极端降水在年代际尺度上对区域尺度增暖的响应.结果发现,随着中国区域冬季温度的升高,中国区域的冬季降水和极端降水均呈现出一致的增加趋势.而且伴随着气温在20世纪80年代中期的突变,降水和极端降水也都在同时发生突变.定量分析结果显示,中国区域冬季气温每增加1℃,降水和极端降水的增加百分率分别达到9.7%和22.6%.该增加幅度,明显高于全球平均水平,说明中国区域冬季降水和极端降水对变暖的响应更加敏感,也进一步凸现了开展降水对增暖的区域响应研究的重要性.此外,极端降水的增幅高于非极端降水的增幅,说明随着全球变暖中国区域冬季降水将更多以极端降水的形式出现,这可能是近期中国多个地区冬季屡屡出现破纪录降雪事件的一个重要原因.

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