全部 标题 作者
关键词 摘要

OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用:99美元

查看量下载量

相关文章

更多...
-  2008 

典型黑土区小流域浅沟侵蚀季节差异分析

DOI: 10.11821/yj2008010016

Keywords: 浅沟侵蚀,典型黑土区,小流域,季节差异

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

摘要: 通过2005年对黑龙江鹤山农场两个小流域进行定位观测,研究了典型黑土区浅沟侵蚀特征及其季节差异,并对作物类型和耕作措施对浅沟侵蚀的影响进行了分析。结果表明,两流域年浅沟侵蚀量达285.9 m3 km-2和290.8 m3 km-2,仅浅沟侵蚀量就超过了黑土区的土壤允许侵蚀量。浅沟侵蚀量呈现出沿坡面波动的变化,沿坡面向下存在浅沟侵蚀的强弱交替带。春夏浅沟侵蚀在侵蚀强度、浅沟形态及主要影响因素3个方面存在差异,春季浅沟侵蚀受融雪、冻融影响显著,侵蚀较夏季严重;与春季相比,夏季浅沟长度变短、宽度变大、深度变浅,浅沟体积与长度的相关性较春季差,这与夏季暴雨历时短、雨强大以及植被盖度大有关。耕作措施和作物类型影响浅沟侵蚀深度和浅沟分布,尤其在夏季比较明显。

References

[1]  Foster G R. Modeling ephemeral gully erosion for conservation planning.International Journal of Sediment Research, 2005,20(3):157~175.
[2]  Desmet P J J, Poesen J, Govers G, et al.Importance of slope gradient and contributing area for optimal prediction of the initiation and trajectory of ephemeral gullies. Catena,1999,37:377~392.
[3]  De Santisteban L M, Casalí J, López J J, et al.Exploring the role of topography in small channel erosion. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 2005,30:591~599.
[4]  Bennett S J, Casalí J,Robinson K M, et al.Characteristics of actively eroding ephemeral gullies in an experimental channel.Transactions of the ASAE,2000,43(3):641~649.
[5]  熊毅,李庆逵.中国土壤.北京:科学出版社, 1990.648~662.
[6]  阎百兴,汤洁.黑土侵蚀速率及其对土壤质量的影响.地理研究, 2005,24(4):499~506.
[7]  张金福,李喜奎,刘绪军.黑龙江省黑土区沟壑侵蚀的危害及其治理.水土保持科技情报, 1999,(3):52~53.
[8]  胡刚,伍永秋,刘宝元,等.GPS和GIS进行短期沟蚀研究初探.水土保持学报, 2004,18(4):16~41.
[9]  刘宝元,谢云,张科利.土壤侵蚀预报模型.北京:中国科学技术出版社, 2001.82~84.
[10]  Kok H, Mc Cool D K.Freeze-thaw effects on soil strength.In:Cooley K R (ed. ). Proceedings of the International Symposium on Frozen Soil Impacts on Agricultural, Range and Forest Lands, US Army Cold Regions Research Engineering Laboratory Special Report 90-1, 1990.70~76.
[11]  Poesen J, Govers G. Gully erosion in the loam belt of Belgium: Typology and control measures.In: Boardman J, Foster I D L, Dearing J A(eds. ).Soil Erosion on AgriculturalLand.Chichester:Wiley, 1998.513~530.
[12]  张爱国,李锐,杨勤科.中国水蚀土壤抗剪切强度研究.水土保持通报, 2001,21(3):5~10.
[13]  Cerdan O, Bissonnais Y L, Couturier, et al.Rill erosion on cultivated hillslopes during two extreme rainfall events in Normandy, France.Soil & Tillage Research, 2002,67:99~108.
[14]  Woodward D E. Method to predict cropland ephemeral gully erosion.Catena,1999,37:393~399.
[15]  Poesen J, Nachtergaele J, Verstraeten, et al.Gully erosion and environmental change: importance and research needs.Catena, 2003,50:91~133.
[16]  Casalí J, López J J, Giráldez J V.Ephemeral gully erosion in southern Navarra (Spain).Catena, 1999,36:65~84.
[17]  Vandaele K, Poesen J, Govers G, et al.Geomorphic threshold conditions for ephemeral gully incision.Geomorphology,1996,16:161~173.
[18]  Vandekerckhove L, Poesen J, Wijdenes D, et al.Topographical thresholds for ephemeral gully initiation in intensively cultivated areas of the Mediterranean.Catena, 1998,33(3-4):271~292.
[19]  Oygarden L.Rill and gully development during an extreme winter runoff event in Norway.Catena,2003,50:217~242.
[20]  全国土壤普查办公室.中国土种志.北京:中国农业出版社, 1994.276~286.
[21]  刘宪春.东北漫岗黑土层厚度空间分布规律研究.北京师范大学, 博士论文, 2005.
[22]  张永光,伍永秋,刘宝元.东北漫岗黑土区春季冻融期浅沟侵蚀.山地学报, 2006,24(3):306~311.
[23]  Bennett S J, Casalí J, Robinson K M, et al.Characteristics of actively eroding ephemeral gullies in an experimental channel.Transaction of ASAE, 2000,43(3):641~649.

Full-Text

Contact Us

service@oalib.com

QQ:3279437679

WhatsApp +8615387084133