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沟谷地形下路侧生物多样性特征

, PP. 152-158

Keywords: 环境工程,路侧生物多样性,植被调查,沟谷,鸟类,坡向,景观联通性

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Abstract:

路侧生物多样性特征受其背景环境条件与公路建设运营的综合影响,对其研究可为公路建设工艺优化提供参考依据.为了研究沟谷地形条件下路侧生物多样性的特征,选择了G214线德钦段公路穿越沟谷地形路段,在不同坡面进行植被样方调查,研究不同坡向植物多样性特征;并通过沿公路等距设置样地观测沟谷与非沟谷地带的鸟类多样性特征差异.调查结果表明沟谷西南向坡(SW)、东北向坡(NE)及北向坡(N)物种总数、小区平均物种数、木本Shannon-wieners指数、Pielou指数、Simpson指数均大于西北向坡(NW)与南向坡(S);南向坡草本多样性指数小于其他坡向;S-SW、SW-NE、SW-NWJaccard指数值低于0.15,NE-NJaccard指数值小于0.4,沟谷地带坡向间木本与草本层α多样性差异大,并有着相对较高的β多样性;沟谷地形下鸟类种数、鸟类平均数量均高于非沟谷地形条件.调查结果初步揭示了沟谷是植物多样性丰富且富于变化之处,也是动物物种多样性较丰富之处.建议在这些路段加强公路桥梁与动物通道、植被生境连通性的协同建设,以缓解公路建设对景观的切割阻断效应.

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