全部 标题 作者
关键词 摘要

OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用:99美元

查看量下载量

相关文章

更多...

秋季渤海和北黄海海水中挥发性卤代烃的分布与通量

DOI: 10.13634/j.cnki.mes20150401, PP. 481-487

Keywords: 挥发性卤代烃,渤海,北黄海,浓度分布,周日变化,海-气通量

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

使用吹扫-捕集气相色谱法于2013年11月对渤海和北黄海海水中4种常见的挥发性卤代烃(VHCs)浓度进行了分析。结果表明:秋季渤海和北黄海表层海水中CHBr2Cl、CHBr3、C2HCl3和C2Cl4的浓度平均值和变化范围分别为7.03(4.23~12.63)pmol/L、19.61(5.99~55.00)pmol/L、20.37(1.68~58.25)pmol/L和41.03(10.84~96.94)pmol/L。受生物生产、人为输入、陆地径流等因素的共同作用,4种VHCs浓度呈现出不同的空间分布特征,总体表现为渤海海域由北向南递减,北黄海海域山东半岛以北、鸭绿江口浓度较低的特点。受地理位置和水文条件的影响,不同站位VHCs浓度在垂直分布上有较大差异,但最大值均出现在真光层。周日变化研究表明:VHCs在13:00和17:00浓度较大,7:00和21:00浓度较低,说明VHCs生产释放受光照和潮汐等因素的共同影响。采用Liss和Salter双膜模型估算了CHBr2Cl、CHBr3、C2HCl3和C2Cl4的海-气通量,结果分别为36.28(0.13~109.54)nmol/m2·d、85.96(-8.9~308.61)nmol/m2·d、191.71(0.10~386.67)nmol/m2·d和285.14(0.19~914.85)nmol/m2·d,表明在调查期间渤海和北黄海是大气中CHBr2Cl、CHBr3、C2HCl3和C2Cl4的源。

References

[1]  杨桂朋,尹士序,陆小兰,等.吹扫-捕集气相色谱法测定海水中挥发性卤代烃[J].中国海洋大学学报:自然科学版,2007,37(2):299-304.
[2]  SOLOMON S.Progress towards a quantitative understanding of Antarctic ozone depletion[J].Nature,1990,347(6291):347-354.
[3]  MOORE R M,GROSZKO W,NIVEN S J.Ocean-atmosphere exchange of methyl chloride:results from NW Atlantic and Pacific Ocean studies[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Oceans (1978-2012),1996,101(C12):28529-28538.
[4]  JEFFREY S W,MANTOURA R F C,WRIGHT S W.Phytoplankton pigments in oceanography:guidelines to modern methods[M].Paris:UNESCO,1997.
[5]  于 非,张志欣,刁新源,等.黄海冷水团演变过程及其与邻近水团关系的分析[J].海洋学报,2006,28(5):26-34.
[6]  沈志良,陆家平,刘兴俊,等.长江口区营养盐的分布特征及三峡工程对其影响[J].海洋科学集刊,1992,33:107-129.
[7]  SOLOMON S,Mills M,Heidt L E,et al.On the evaluation of ozone depletion potentials[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Atmospheres (1984-2012),1992,97(D1):825-842.
[8]  NIGHTINGALE P D,MALIN G,LISS P S.Production of chloroform and other low molecular-weight halocarbons by some species of macroalgae[J].Limnology and Oceanography,1995,40(4):680-689.
[9]  REIFENH?USER W, HEUMANN K G.Bromo- and bromochloromethanes in the Antarctic atmosphere and the South Polar Sea[J].Chemosphere,1992,24(9):1293-1300.
[10]  CARPENTER L J,LISS P S.On temperate sources of bromoform and other reactive organic bromine gases[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Atmospheres (1984-2012),2000,105(D16):20539-20547.
[11]  REIFENH?USER W,HEUMANN K G.Determinations of methyl iodide in the Antarctic atmosphere and the South Polar Sea[J].Atmospheric Environment.Part A.General Topics,1992,26(16):2905-2912.
[12]  MOORE R M,WEBB M,TOKARCZYK R,et al.Bromoperoxidase and iodoperoxidase enzymes and production of halogenated methanes in marine diatom cultures[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Oceans (1978-2012),1996,101(C9):20899-20908.
[13]  杨桂朋,张 亮,陆小兰,等.黄海海水微表层和次表层中挥发性卤代烃的浓度和分布[J].中国海洋大学学报:自然科学版,2009,39(5):1077-1086.
[14]  杨桂朋,尹士序,陆小兰,等.吹扫-捕集气相色谱法测定海水中挥发性卤代烃[J].中国海洋大学学报:自然科学版,2007,37(2):299-304.
[15]  CHUCK A L,TURNER S M,LISS P S.Oceanic distributions and air-sea fluxes of biogenic halocarbons in the open ocean[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Oceans (1978-2012),2005,110(10):C10022,doi:10.1029/2004JC002741.
[16]  MOORE R M,GROSZKO W,NIVEN S J.Ocean-atmosphere exchange of methyl chloride:results from NW Atlantic and Pacific Ocean studies[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Oceans (1978-2012),1996,101(C12):28529-28538.
[17]  JEFFREY S W,MANTOURA R F C,WRIGHT S W.Phytoplankton pigments in oceanography:guidelines to modern methods[M].Paris:UNESCO,1997.
[18]  于 非,张志欣,刁新源,等.黄海冷水团演变过程及其与邻近水团关系的分析[J].海洋学报,2006,28(5):26-34.
[19]  沈志良,陆家平,刘兴俊,等.长江口区营养盐的分布特征及三峡工程对其影响[J].海洋科学集刊,1992,33:107-129.
[20]  ABRAHAMSSON K,EKDAHL A,COLLéN J,et al.Marine algae-a source of trichloroethylene and perchloroethylene[J].Limnology and Oceanography,1995,40(7):1321-1326.
[21]  江蓓洁,鲍献文,吴德星,等.北黄海冷水团温、盐多年变化特征及影响因素[J].海洋学报,2007,29(4):1-10.
[22]  NIGHTINGALE P D,MALIN G,LISS P S.Production of chloroform and other low molecular-weight halocarbons by some species of macroalgae[J].Limnology and Oceanography,1995,40(4):680-689.
[23]  KHALIL M A K,MOORE R M,HARPER D B,et al.Natural emissions of chlorine-containing gases:Reactive Chlorine Emissions Inventory[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Atmospheres (1984-2012),1999,104(D7):8333-8346.
[24]  CARPENTER L J,LISS P S.On temperate sources of bromoform and other reactive organic bromine gases[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Atmospheres (1984-2012),2000,105(D16):20539-20547.
[25]  EKDAHL A,PEDERSéN M,ABRAHAMSSON K.A study of the diurnal variation of biogenic volatile halocarbons[J].Marine Chemistry,1998,63(1/2):1-8.
[26]  MOORE R M,WEBB M,TOKARCZYK R,et al.Bromoperoxidase and iodoperoxidase enzymes and production of halogenated methanes in marine diatom cultures[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Oceans (1978-2012),1996,101(C9):20899-20908.
[27]  杨桂朋,张 亮,陆小兰,等.黄海海水微表层和次表层中挥发性卤代烃的浓度和分布[J].中国海洋大学学报:自然科学版,2009,39(5):1077-1086.
[28]  ABRAHAMSSON K,LORéN A,WULFF A,et al.Air-sea exchange of halocarbons:the influence of diurnal and regional variations and distribution of pigments[J].Deep Sea Research Part II:Topical Studies in Oceanography,2004,51(22/23/24):2789-2805.
[29]  白凤龙,高建华,汪亚平,等.鸭绿江口的潮汐特征[J].海洋通报,2008,27(3):7-13.
[30]  CHUCK A L,TURNER S M,LISS P S.Oceanic distributions and air-sea fluxes of biogenic halocarbons in the open ocean[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Oceans (1978-2012),2005,110(10):C10022,doi:10.1029/2004JC002741.
[31]  LISS P S,SLATER P G.Flux of gases across the air-sea interface[J].Nature,1974,247(5438):181-184.
[32]  LISS P S,MERLIVAT L.Air-sea gas exchange rates:Introduction and synthesis[M]//BUAT-MéNARD P.The role of air-sea exchange in geochemical cycling.Netherlands:Springer,1986:113-127.
[33]  ABRAHAMSSON K,EKDAHL A,COLLéN J,et al.Marine algae-a source of trichloroethylene and perchloroethylene[J].Limnology and Oceanography,1995,40(7):1321-1326.
[34]  江蓓洁,鲍献文,吴德星,等.北黄海冷水团温、盐多年变化特征及影响因素[J].海洋学报,2007,29(4):1-10.
[35]  MOORE R M.The solubility of a suite of low molecular weight organochlorine compounds in seawater and implications for estimating the marine source of methyl chloride to the atmosphere[J].Chemosphere - Global Change Science,2000,2(1):95-99.
[36]  KHALIL M A K,MOORE R M,HARPER D B,et al.Natural emissions of chlorine-containing gases:Reactive Chlorine Emissions Inventory[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Atmospheres (1984-2012),1999,104(D7):8333-8346.
[37]  ZHOU Y,VARNER R K,RUSSO R S,et al.Coastal water source of short-lived halocarbons in New England[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Atmospheres (1984-2012),2005,110(D21); D21302,doi:10.1029/2004JD005603.
[38]  EKDAHL A,PEDERSéN M,ABRAHAMSSON K.A study of the diurnal variation of biogenic volatile halocarbons[J].Marine Chemistry,1998,63(1/2):1-8.
[39]  CARPENTER L J,LISS P S,PENKETT S A.Marine organohalogens in the atmosphere over the Atlantic and Southern Oceans[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Atmospheres (1984-2012),2003,108(D9):4256,doi:10.1029/2002JD002769.
[40]  ABRAHAMSSON K,LORéN A,WULFF A,et al.Air-sea exchange of halocarbons:the influence of diurnal and regional variations and distribution of pigments[J].Deep Sea Research Part II:Topical Studies in Oceanography,2004,51(22/23/24):2789-2805.
[41]  白凤龙,高建华,汪亚平,等.鸭绿江口的潮汐特征[J].海洋通报,2008,27(3):7-13.
[42]  SCHALL C,HEUMANN K G.GC determination of volatile organoiodine and organobromine compounds in arctic seawater and air samples[J].Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry,1993,346(6/7/8/9):717-722.
[43]  LISS P S,SLATER P G.Flux of gases across the air-sea interface[J].Nature,1974,247(5438):181-184.
[44]  LISS P S,MERLIVAT L.Air-sea gas exchange rates:Introduction and synthesis[M]//BUAT-MéNARD P.The role of air-sea exchange in geochemical cycling.Netherlands:Springer,1986:113-127.
[45]  RIVETT A C,MARTIN D,NICKLESS G,et al.In situ gas chromatographic measurements of halocarbons in an urban environment[J].Atmospheric Environment,2003,37(16):2221-2235.

Full-Text

Contact Us

service@oalib.com

QQ:3279437679

WhatsApp +8615387084133