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化工学报  2013 

不同燃料SOFC的理论电池电动势及其性能

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0438-1157.2013.07.048, PP. 2664-2671

Keywords: 固体氧化物燃料电池,UCG气,热力学平衡,电动势,积炭

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Abstract:

以NH3以及3%H2O增湿的H2、CH4、C3H8和煤炭地下气化(undergroundcoalgasification,UCG)气为燃料,用最小Gibbs自由能法计算平衡气体组分和理论电池电动势,并测试在NiO-GDC‖GDC‖Ba0.9Co0.7Fe0.2Nb0.1O3-δ(B0.9CFN)阳极支撑固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)中的电池开路电压、电池性能和长期稳定性。结果表明,以上述气体作燃料的SOFC热力学计算理论电动势均高于1.05V,而由于GDC电解质在还原气氛下存在电子电导,导致碳氢燃料在NiO-GDC‖GDC‖B0.9CFN阳极支撑电池中的开路电压略小。中低温下,碳氢燃料相对缓慢的动力学过程和GDC电解质快速的氧离子传输速率,使得以UCG气、CH4和C3H8为燃料的电池实际积炭比理论预测少。以UCG气为燃料的SOFC在500、550、600和650℃的最高功率密度分别高达0.151、0.299、0.537和0.729W·cm-2,在0.6V恒压放电120h后性能没有明显衰减,且阳极表面无积炭产生,表明直接UCG气SOFC具有广阔的应用前景。

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