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高静水压诱导水稻产生突变的研究

DOI: 10.11858/gywlxb.2006.04.014, PP. 421-428

Keywords: 高静水压,水稻,突变

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Abstract:

以78MPa高静水压力处理已浸泡10h的水稻(OryzasativaL.)粤香占、粤丰占和测64种子12h,成苗后移栽至大田,对其处理当代和后代的农艺性状进行调查和分析,结果表明,处理当代中,粤香占、粤丰占和测64的穗粒数分别增加了5.2%、1.2%和17.0%,且测64达到显著性差异水平;测64处理的生育期延长10d,而粤香占和粤丰占则分别早熟5d和2d。在处理的当代和后代中出现了可遗传的突变体,突变性状中既有质量性状也有数量性状,其中紫色叶鞘和穗下节伸长属于质量性状突变,株高、粒长和穗粒数等属于数量性状突变。突变频率因品种不同而存在差异,表现为:测64>粤丰占>粤香占。通过4年6代的筛选,共获得近100份包括叶、茎、穗、粒、育性和生育期等性状发生明显变异的突变体,已稳定的突变株系22个,其中7个突变株系的综合性状明显较对照好,具有良好的应用前景。

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