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地理学报  2004 

华北农牧交错带夏季极端气候的趋势分析

DOI: 10.11821/xb200402009, PP. 230-238

Keywords: 农牧交错带,极端气候,趋势,华北

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Abstract:

利用1956~2001年日降水量及日平均气温资料,分析华北农牧交错带极端气候事件的长期变化趋势。对降水极端事件的分析季节为5~9月,温度为6~8月。结果发现暴雨(日降水≥50mm)频数没有显著的线性变化趋势,但1980年前后发生了明显的年代际尺度变化,1980年代到1990年代初,频次显著减少,此期间暴雨发生的时间更加分散。定义连续无雨的天数为干燥事件。发现虽然降水量没有显著的变化,但是严重干燥事件(连续0降水日≥10天)的频数却呈显著增加趋势(+8.3%/10a),超过99%信度水平。最高和最低的10%温度分别定义异常高温和异常低温,则异常高温的频数有显著增加趋势(+20.9%/10a),特别是1990年代后期以来增加非常突出。异常低温频次有减少的趋势(-15.1%/10a),超过99%信度水平。严重干燥事件及异常高温事件的强烈增加,可能是造成近来北方干旱频繁发生的重要原因。

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