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OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
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拉萨河谷灌丛草原与农田水热平衡及植被水分利用特征
DOI: 10.11821/xb200903005, PP. 303-314
Keywords: 拉萨河谷,灌丛草原,农田,SHAW,模型,水热平衡,根系吸水
Abstract:
以青藏高原的拉萨河谷下游的灌丛草原和农田为研究对象，在中国科学院拉萨高原生态试验站的农田与附近的灌丛草原开展实验，利用SHAW模型模拟了2004年10月-2005年9月灌丛草原与农田水热平衡以及根系吸水过程。模拟结果经分析得出，(1)农田所接收的净辐射比灌丛草原要多，农田接收的能量大部分以潜热形式支出，全年的波文比为0.29；而灌丛草原的波文比为0.89。灌丛草原全年的潜热通量是农田的53%，具有一定的抑制蒸散发的功能。(2)农田耗水量是灌丛草原的1.8倍。农田由于大量的灌溉造成较大的渗漏损失，同时也增加了土壤蒸发这一无益损耗。(3)深层土壤水向上的补给与根系吸水两方面的模拟都表明，灌丛草原的植被比农田能更大程度地利用深层土壤水。
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