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克拉通化与华北陆块的形成

, PP. 1037-1046

Keywords: 克拉通化,华北,陆块形成

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Abstract:

?克拉通化是稳定的大陆形成的重要事件,在地球演化历史上未见重复.华北克拉通的形成经历了两期克拉通化事件,为理解早期陆壳的形成与演化提供了难得的实例.第一期克拉通化发生在新太古代末期,很可能是在2.53~2.60Ga的微陆块拼合之后很短的时间内,以陆壳岩石和初生地壳岩石(基性岩浆岩)的部分熔融形成广泛分布的花岗质岩石的侵入、岩墙群和裂谷型火山-沉积盖层为标志.古元古代华北克拉通出现了裂谷-俯冲-增生-碰撞的陆内造山事件,以三条古元古代的活动带为代表.第二期克拉通化即克拉通再造发生在古元古代末的陆内造山之后约1.95~1.82Ga期间,出现麻粒岩相-高级角闪岩相的克拉通基底岩石的整体抬升,伴随壳熔花岗岩形成和强烈的混合岩化,而后有镁铁质岩墙群侵入、裂陷槽和裂谷形成,以及奥长环斑花岗岩-斜长岩-碱性花岗岩-碱性火山岩的非造山岩浆活动(在18~16.5亿年).中元古代后华北进入地台演化阶段.

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