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冰川冻土  2014 

天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川物质平衡高度变化特征及其对径流的影响

DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-0240.2014.0150, PP. 1251-1259

Keywords: 1号冰川,物质平衡,径流,天山

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Abstract:

利用天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川1980-2010年的物质平衡、水文气象实测资料,分析了1号冰川1980-2010年的各高度带物质平衡特征,进而分析了1984-2010年纯积累和纯消融的变化特点及其与气象要素、冰川融水径流变化的关系.结果表明1号冰川物质平衡处于持续的负平衡,纯积累量与年降水的相关系数为-0.16,纯消融量与年均温的相关系数为0.61,与夏季(6-8月)气温的相关系数为0.78.2010年1号冰川为有观测记录以来的最强消融年(bn=-1327mm),整个冰川处于消融区(平衡线高度大于海拔4484m,积累区面积为0),同时东、西支冰川各高度区间的物质平衡变化也与往年度显著不同,说明2010年是1号冰川物质平衡变化的特殊年份,也有可能1号冰川的物质平衡变化进入了一个新的亏损变化阶段.对其径流数据的分析还表明,温度对径流的影响大于降水对径流的影响.

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